James Geikie

James Geikie ( born August 23, 1839 in Edinburgh, † March 1, 1915 ) was a Scottish geologist who mapped in Scotland and was known as a representative of a Landvergletscherung in the Ice Age.

Life

He was the son of James Stuart Geikie (1812-1884), known today primarily as a composer of songs, and the younger brother of geologist Archibald Geikie. Geikie attended the Royal High School in Edinburgh and studied at Edinburgh University while he worked for a printer. He was from 1862 the Geological Survey, where he remained until 1882 and worked mainly in Scotland, where he was ( under his brother Archibald ) District Surveyor. In 1882 he succeeded his brother Murchison Professor of Geology and Mineralogy at the University of Edinburgh.

He is known for his studies of the ice age in the Pleistocene and the impact of the former glaciation on the geomorphology, he encountered in his work with the Geological Survey in Central Scotland. A glaciation on land had not yet been generally accepted - some geologists explained the witness of glaciation as the effect of pack ice or icebergs. He also represented early the view that there were warm periods within the Ice Age and dated some Palaeolithic finds in this Interglazialperioden, of which there were five by Geikie. His main work, which established his reputation, The Great Ice Age and its relation to the Antiquity of Man was that first appeared in 1874, he had his theory but even in the Geological Magazine in 1872 explained. He also wrote two then spread geology textbooks ( Outlines of Geology, 1886, Structural and Field Geology 1905).

In 1875 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society. He was a founding member of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society and its president from 1904 to 1910. He was also at his death president of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. In 1889 he received the Murchison Medal of the Geological Society of London, and he received the Brisbane Medal of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

In addition to the geology he also translated poems by Heinrich Heine ( published in 1887 ).

A glacier in Alaska was named after him.

Writings

  • The Great Ice Age and its relation to the Antiquity of Man, London, 1874, 3rd edition, London, E. Stanford, 1894, Online
  • Geology, Chambers 1875, online edition Chambers in 1883 at Project Gutenberg
  • Historical Geology, Chambers 1876, Online
  • Prehistoric Europe: a geological sketch, London, E. Stanford, 1881
  • Fragments of Earth Lore: Sketches and Addresses, Geological and Geographical, Edinburgh, J. Bartholomew and Co., 1893
  • Earth Sculpture or The Origin of Land Forms, GP Putnam 's, New York 1898 Online
  • Outlines of Geology, 1886, 3rd edition 1896
  • Structural and Field Geology for students of Pure and Applied Science, 1905, 6th edition, Oliver and Boyd, 1953 ( edited by Robert Campbell and Robert M. Craig ), Edition Van Nostrand, 1910, Online
  • The Antiquity of Man in Europe, Edinburgh, Oliver and Boyd 1914 Online
  • Mountains, Their origin, growth and decay, Edinburgh, Oliver and Boyd 1913
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