Archibald Geikie

Sir Archibald Geikie ( born December 28, 1835 in Edinburgh, † November 10, 1924 in Haslemere ) was a British geologist.

Life and work

Archibald Geikie was the eldest son of James Stuart Geikie. His younger brother James Geikie was also a noted geologist and Geikies successor as Murchison Professor in Edinburgh. He attended the University of Edinburgh and was from 1855 the Geological Survey under Roderick Murchison, with whom he befriended and whose biography he later wrote. In 1867 he became head of the Geological Survey in Scotland.

He was from 1871 to 1882, the first Murchison Professor of Geology at the University of Edinburgh. From 1882 he was director of the Museum of Practical Geology in London and Director General of the Geological Survey of Great Britain as the successor to Andrew Crombie Ramsay.

Geikie provided significant contributions to the Ice Age Research ( in an essay of 1863 on Glacial age effect in Scotland) geomorphology, for example, erosion of river valleys, volcanology ( especially in Great Britain, where he first to Skye and the Outer Hebrides, the relics of volcanic activity studied ) and petrography, where he dealt with microscopic rock thin sections.

In 1871 he married Alice Gabrielle Anne Marie Pignatel († 1916), daughter of Eugene Pignatel from Lyon, with whom he had one son and three daughters.

In 1862 he published with Murchison a geological map of Scotland and in 1892 a larger version. In 1897 he published a geological map of England and Wales.

Honors

Geikie was a member ( "Fellow" ) elected in 1865 to the Royal Society, the Royal Medal in 1896 awarded him. From 1908 to 1913 he was president of the Royal Society.

He was also a member of the Geological Society of London, which in 1881 honored him with the Murchison Medal and in 1895 the Wollaston medal. 1898 elected him the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei in Rome for foreign members.

1891 Geikie was knighted. In 1907 he was awarded the second-class Bathorden ( KCB ) the Order of the Bath, 1913, he received the Order of Merit.

The Dorsa Geikie on the moon, the mineral Geikilit and Geikie Gorge in the Napier rank in the Kimberley region in Western Austrealien are named after him.

Works

  • The Story of a Boulder; or, Gleanings from the Note- Book of a Geologist, Edinburgh, Thomas Constable and Co., 1858
  • Scenery of Scotland, 1865, 3rd edition 1901
  • The life of Sir Roderick Murchison, 2 volumes, 1875 J. Murray
  • Physical Geography, Appleton 1877
  • Text -Book of Geology, 1882, 3rd edition Macmillan 1893 Online
  • An elementary geography of the British Isles, Macmillan 1888
  • Types of scenery and Their influence on literature, Macmillan 1898
  • The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Macmillan 1897, Online
  • The Founders of Geology, Macmillan 1897, Online
  • Elementary lessons in physical geography, Macmillan 1903
  • Scottish reminiscences, 1904
  • Landscape in history and other essays, Macmillan 1905, Online
  • Birds of Shakespeare, 1916
  • The Geology of Central and Western Fife and Kinross, Geological Survey 1900
  • The Geology of Eastern Fife, Geological Survey 1902
Andrew Ramsay (geologist) John Wesley Powell Harpers Ferry (West Virginia) Integrated Authority File
75037
de