Johann Lukas Schönlein

Johann Lukas Schönlein ( born November 30, 1793 in Bamberg, † January 23, 1864 ) was a German physician.

Life

Henoch, son of a rope-maker, studied from 1811 to 1816 in Landshut and Würzburg natural sciences and medicine. In 1816 he wrote his dissertation from the brain metamorphosis on comparative embryonic brain development in mammals and humans. It was followed by two years of practical in Bamberg, Jena, Göttingen and Munich. In 1817 he completed his habilitation at the University of Würzburg. As a lecturer he taught since 1817 in Würzburg, and held since 1819, first representing the clinical teaching. In 1824 he became a full professor and head of the Medical Clinic of the Julius Hospital.

1832 deprived for political reasons of his offices, Schönlein fled to Zurich, where he became in 1833 professor of clinical medicine. In 1839 he was appointed professor at the University of Berlin, where he became a full professor in 1840 and the personal physician of King Friedrich Wilhelm IV. After his abdication in 1858 Schönlein resigned a year later retired and returned to his home town of Bamberg.

Work

He reformed and modernized fundamentally the German medicine by introducing scientific methods in diagnosis. Leading the way was his 1818/19 authored manuscript About the whooping cough, in which he established the causal analysis on an accurate description of the temporal and spatial course of the disease. Since 1826, he took advantage of novel physical and chemical tests percussion and auscultation, and blood and urine analyzes.

Schönlein recognized tuberculosis as an independent disease, Rudolf Virchow was one of his students. He differentiated between typhoid and typhus in 1839 and discovered a pathogenic skin fungus ( Achorion schoenleinii today: Trichophyton schoenleinii ). His plan, comparable to develop a natural disease system of biological nomenclature, he could not realize.

Schönlein coined the terms hemophilia and tuberculosis. His description of purpura rheumatica, a special form of purpura, was written by one of his students. The latter is also called Henoch-Schonlein Purpura today.

Honors

• Appointment as an honorary citizen of Würzburg ( 1830)
• Medal to John Lucas Schoenlein ( Zurich 1839) (fig. from the collection of DHM )
• In Berlin, Essen, Zurich, Stuttgart and Würzburg a Schönleinstraße is named after him
• In Bamberg the Schönleinsplatz is named after him. There is a larger than life bust Schönleins by Kaspar von Zumbusch
• Commemorative plaque at his birthplace in Bamberg, Upper King Street 7
• Plaque on his house Domerschulstraße 13 in Wurzburg
• Because of Schönleins basic knowledge in the field of mycology, the Henoch- badge of the German Mycological Society is named after him
• The Johann Lukas Schönlein - Foundation awards every two years the Johann Lukas Schönlein - price

Writings

• From the brain metamorphosis: Inauguralabhandlung. FE Nitribitt, University of printing, Würzburg 1816 ( dissertation; digitized ).
• Theses ex universa Medicina. Quas Gratiosi in Inclyta Universitate Herbipolitana Medicorum Ordinis consensu per Gradu Doctoris in Medicina, Chirurgia Arte Obstetricia et Rite Obtinendo Pubice, Defendet The XXIV Februarii MDCCCXVI. Hori Matutinis Consuetis Joannes Lucas Schoenlein, Bambergensis. Würzburg 1816 ( thesis defense Schönleins in 1816 )
• General and special pathology and therapy. After JL Schönlein 's lectures. Written down and published by one of his listeners. 4 volumes. 2nd edition: C. Etlinger, Würzburg 1832; 3rd Edition: Literature Comptoir, Herisau 1837 ( digitized ); 6th Edition: St. Gallen, 1846.
• Disease family of typhus. After his latest lectures written and edited by one of his listeners. Man, Zurich 1840.
• Clinical presentations in the Charité hospital in Berlin. Redigirt and edited by Ludwig Guterbock. Veit & Comp, Berlin 1842 ( digitized ).
• Günter Klemmt: Johann Lukas Schönleins unpublished manuscript lecture on " Keichhusten " ( = Essays on the history of medicine and the natural sciences Vol 53. ). Matthiesen, Husum, 1986, ISBN 3-7868-4053-9.