John Augustine Zahm
John Augustine Zahm ( born June 14, 1851 in New Lexington, Ohio, † November 10, 1921 in Munich ) was an American Roman Catholic priest, author, scientist and explorer.
Life
John Augustine Zahm was the eldest son of Jacques Michael Zahm (* March 2, 1828 in Lorraine immigrated Olsberg and in the same year to Ohio ) and Mary Ellen Braddock ( born February 27, 1827 in Loretto, Pennsylvania) was born. It was a very religious and educated family.
He studied at the Catholic University of Notre Dame, Indiana, where he himself later held a professorship. After his time at novices of the Congregation of the Holy Cross, the ordination took place on June 4, 1875. Since his days as a seminarian, he published scientific articles and travelogues.
The progressive Pope Leo XIII. Zahm was awarded in 1895 for his work as a Christian Scientist with the appointment of Doctor of Philosophy. But that was before the publication of Evolution and Dogma and his appointment to Rome.
Tame tried to appease the former tensions between Catholicism and the teachings of Darwin. Between 1891 and 1896 he published several books and articles on this subject, which culminated in the publication of Evolution and Dogma. In it, he defended certain aspects of the theory of evolution as true and argued that even the great Church teachers Thomas Aquinas and Augustine taught the germ theory. The Vatican disapproved of the book in 1898, whereupon Tame accepted the objection and no longer continued to write about the relationship between theology and science. Towards the end of his life he could see that his views gained ground in many theological faculties a quarter of a century later.
In April 1896, the Congregation of the Holy Cross needed a new General Procurator in Rome. He liked to go in Dante's country, found himself in the Vatican but in opposition to the Holy See. Only the politically wise interventions of well-placed American clergy, especially Denis O'Connell, saves Zahm and his Prokurat humiliation. By 1906 Father Zahm held various positions in the Congregation in the United States is true, and the overall supervision of the University.
He was the author (sometimes under the pseudonym Mozans ) a number of books on the relationship between scientific theory and Catholic doctrine of women in science, to travel through South America and reports to the Middle East. Tame tried to Notre Dame in a large university, such as the transform in Heidelberg and Bologna. He built building, a campus art gallery and a library. As an avid reader and connoisseur of Dante he built in Notre Dame 's third largest library on Dante in America.
Zahm was friends with the 26th President of the United States Theodore Roosevelt, who loved it also to read Dante in Italian. It was tame, President Roosevelt encouraged a scientific expedition to South America. The expedition to the Rio da Dúvida ( River of Doubt, now the Rio Roosevelt ) was also accompanied by Theodor's son Kermit, Colonel George Cherrie and Da Silva Cândido Rondon. This trip ended in disaster, in which a man drowned and another was murdered and Roosevelt was almost killed because of an infected wound. They lost boats waterfalls and rapids and did not have enough food. Malaria infection and they encountered what some would almost died and went about their consequences to the participants for many years.
Zahm wanted to write a book about historical and archaeological studies of the Holy Land and was traveling in the Middle East when he contracted pneumonia and died in a Munich hospital on 10 November 1921. His book From Berlin to Baghdad and Babylon was published posthumously.
His biography on Dante he had never begun.
Writings
- Evolution and dogma. Chicago 1895.
- Bible, Science and Faith. In 1894.
- Scientific theory and Catholic doctrine. Chicago 1896.
- As HJ Mozans: Up the Orinoco and down the Magdalena. New York 1910.
- Along the Andes and down the Amazon. New York 1911.
- As H. J. Mozans: Woman in science. New York 1913.
- From Berlin to Baghdad and Babylon. New York, London 1922.