Jonathan ben Uzziel

Jonathan ben Uziel (also: Jonathan ben Uziel ) was a Jewish scholar of the ancient world and was among the Tannaim of the first century AD.

He is traditionally regarded as the author of the Aramaic translation of the Bible ( Targum ), the Torah Targum bears his name but wrongly (perhaps was the abbreviation Taw iodine, which has been wrongly interpreted as Targum Jonathan, Targum Yerushalmi but actually meant ). Since it was realized that, this Targum was therefore referred to as pseudo - Jonathan (or later Targum Yerushalmi as I. [ fragments Targum Targum Yerushalmi = II ] ).

In fact, however, Jonathan ben Uzziel the author or principal author of the Targum Jonathan seems to be the official Targums - Babylonian prophets. This, his work was so highly valued that Jonathan ben Uziel highest praise to be moved ( several citations: BMEG, bSukk, BB, jNed ): He was the most important of Hillel's been 80 students, was even still at the last prophet in the school gone, and as soon as he started his learning, the birds were burned above him in the air by the fire of his mind. The proposed translation of the Ketuvim have him, that would obviously not the last secrets of the Messianic time, God himself by a voice from heaven ( so-called bat qol ) is prohibited; even at Jonathan's translation of the Prophets, the earth quaked have miles and miles.

Jonathan ben Uzziel venerated tomb is located in Amuka in Galilee near Safed. It is particularly visited by unmarried, hoping for a blessing to find a suitable candidate for marriage. To explain this alleged blessing power various theories and derivations exist due to various passages from Pseudo- Jonathan, Yebamot, statements from the biography of Jonathan etc.

Springs / Literature (selection )

  • Salomon Wininger: Great Jewish National Biography, Volume III, 1925 ff
  • Hugo Fuchs, articles Jonathan ben Uziel, in: Jewish Encyclopedia, Volume III, Berlin 1927
  • Heinz -Martin Döpp, articles Targum, in: Julius H. Schoeps (ed.): New Encyclopedia of Judaism, Gütersloh / Munich 1992
Hillel the Elder
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