Julián de Zulueta, 1st Marquis of Ãlava
Julian de Zulueta y Amondo ( born January 8, 1814 Anúcita, Ribera Alta, Álava, Basque Country, † May 4, 1878 in Havana ) was from 1864 to 1876 Alcalde of Havana.
Julian de Zulueta y Amondo was Cónsul del Real Tribunal de Comercio; Chairman of the Comisión Central de Colonización and the Comisión de las Juntas de la Comisión de Deuda the hacendados y Propietarios He was colonel of militia, Senator King's lifetime Chairman of the Casino Español de La Habana; Chairman of the Partido de Españoles en Cuba.
Life
His mother was Manuela Estefania de Amondo y Barañano a cousin of de Andrés Isasi. His father was Domingo Timoteo de Zulueta y de Salcedo, de Ugarte y Lezameta.
1832 emigrated Julian de Zulueta y Amondo from the Basque country to Cuba. He married on October 1, 1842 in Havana, Juliana Ruiz de Gamiz y de Zulueta.
Slaveholders and coolie - contractor
The trading house Zulueta & Company was a worldwide operating family dens, to which Pedro José de Zulueta was in London. The family was, after the last Asiento de Negros, which the South Sea Company had completed for the period 1714-1744, active in the slave trade. After the revolution in Haiti, 1791-1803, was from this that time the world's largest sugar producer bought anything for the world market. The French sugar planters were partly emigrated to Cuba and from 1800 the cultivation of sugar cane and after a short time began was grown on every fertile soil sugarcane. Slave labor brought profit for this Palantagenökonomie in Cuba. 1774 were 3.8879 people of Cuba slaves and were 22.8 % of the population. 1841 were 436 495 people in Cuba slaves and were 43, 3 % of the population. In Britain, the slave trade was banned in 1807. From 1812 to 1844 the slaves dared to Cuba eight major uprisings, which were crushed by the Skalvenhaltern and the Spanish militia.
The slave owners and sugarcane Haziendero, Julian de Zuluetas brought in 1844 as Chairman of the Real Junta de Fomento y de Colonización, a landowner association. The proposal for recruitment of coolies in China.
This project came Zulueta & Company of Pedro José de Zulueta, in London as a trustee. She signed in 1846 subcontracts with Matía Menchacatorre from Manila and Tait & Company of London. These companies, and the like were through intermediaries, which were called in China, chu chay tau ( swineherd ) workers to fuel. The healthy young farmers were promised speedy wealth and quickly they sailed in Amoy, a trading port in Fujian Province in southern China to Tay Loy sun Spain the big one.
On 3 June 1847, the Spanish ship Oquendo made after 131 days at sea fixed with 206 Chinese on board in Havana. Six died at sea and seven of these were shortly after arrival. On 12 June 1847, the British Duke of Argyle came with 365 Chinese after 123 days at sea in Havana at sea were 30 dead. The Real Junta de Fomento y de Colonización distributed the coolies of the two ships in groups of ten to the various plantation owners and a railway company. They were treated like slaves.
Pedro Juan Zulueta de Ceballos was in the Kuliezeit in Cuba the wealthiest man in the Spanish Empire.
Julian de Zulueta y Amondo married on January 17, 1864 in Havana Francisca de los Dolores de la Mota y Sama (Trujillo, Badajoz, October 4, 1825 May 12, 1857 )
Her children Salvador de Zulueta de Zulueta y Sama belonged († February 21, 1913 ), and Ernesto de Zulueta y sama.
In its operations, he led an early industrial Zuckerverabeitungsmethoden. His correspondence with the U.S. importer of sugar Brown & Manson in Boston is partly preserved.
Findings of the Spanish Crown
To him the Grand Cross of the Orden de Isabel la Católica and the Order of Charles III was. awarded. He was raised for the first Marquess of Álava and the first Viscount of Casa Blanca.