Karl Rudolf Graf von Buol-Schauenstein
Karl Rudolf von Buol -looking stone (* June 30, 1760 in Innsbruck, Tirol, † October 23, 1833 in St. Gallen) and since 1794 the Roman Catholic bishop of the diocese of Chur and from 1824 Bishop of the Diocese of St. Gallen. He was the last spiritual prince of the empire.
Life
His father, Johann Baptist Anton von Buol -looking stone (* 1729, † 1797), facing the clergy, was canon to Churchill, after his discharge, he was an imperial envoy in the Three Leagues, kuk real chamberlain and a privy councilor. His mother was Johanna Countess of Sarentheim (* 1732, † October 7, 1791 ), Star Cross Order of Lady of Innsbruck, daughter of Johann Gottfried Graf von Sarnthein David Virgil ( 1692-1758 ) and Veronica Secunda Countess of Thun and Hohenstein ( 1699-1758 ). Karl Rudolf attended high school in Feldkirch, studied philosophy at the University of Innsbruck, moved in 1778 to the Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum to Rome in 1779 to continue the study of theology at the University of Dillingen on the Danube. Already in 1777 he was appointed canon and 1781 Domkantor in Chur. He was ordained a priest on 14 June 1783.
At the age of 34, he was elected bishop by the chapter in Chur on 22 January in 1794. Pope Pius VI. confirmed the election on September 12, 1794. He was consecrated a few days later on October 5 at the Cathedral of Mary the Assumption and St. Kassian to Brixen by Karl Franz von Lodron, Prince-Bishop of Brixen. In 1796 he received the last spiritual prince of the empire the regalia of Emperor Franz II. During his tenure was the most dramatic transformation of the nine hundred year old diocese. In the Imperial Diet of 1803, the Prince-Bishopric was dissolved, the former Austrian diocese parts (Vorarlberg, Vinschgau ) came to Bavaria. When the Bavarian government their system of state sovereignty church, but especially wanted to apply the regulation of priestly formation and the composition of the sacred sites on the newly acquired territory, made Bishop of Buol, together with the Bishops of Brixen and Trent, determined resistance; Support, they also found in the area affected by the government intervention clergy. The government reacted initially with the cancellation of the episcopal salary quoted him to Innsbruck and let him due to his unbroken resistance in 1807 and deported to the country refer Grisons. The seminary of Buol only 1801 newly founded by Bishop in Merano was closed. With the formation of the diocesan bishop still began in 1807 in the former Premonstratensian monastery of St. Luzi in Chur, which is still a seminary of the diocese. 1808 renounced Buol -looking stone against Pope Pius VII on the new Bavarian diocese parts that have been provisionally added to the bishoprics of Brixen and Trent.
Karl Rudolf von Buol -looking stone was suspected to have 1809 support the Tyrolean popular uprising that lasted until the end of 1814 Solothurn back. As a thanks for supporting him, Emperor Francis II in 1810, the provost Vyšehrad in Prague and the rule Schüttenitz on the Elbe. An appeal to the Archbishop of Lviv struck from Buol, however.
1819 was the only existing of some of Graubünden and Liechtenstein diocese all areas of the fourths of the diocese of Constance in liquidation. While the state of Schwyz in 1824 the diocese of Chur joined, negotiations with the other founding cantons led never to success. Uri (without Urserntal ), Obwalden, Nidwalden, Glarus and Zurich are still only provisionally assigned to the diocese of Chur. The cantons of Bern, Lucerne, Solothurn train and fell in 1828, Thurgau and Aargau in 1830 to the bishopric of Basel.
After the abolition of the Abbey of St. Gall in 1805 was a double Diocese of Chur -St by the Holy See in 1823. Gallen, built with seat of its own vicar-general; However, in 1847 separated again due to growing opposition and raised St. Gallen to their own diocese.
His death ended an eventful governmental and tenure ( decline of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, loss of secular power, reorganization of the Catholic dioceses, he was buried in the grave place of the bishops in the south aisle of the Cathedral " Assumption " in Chur.