Khan (title)

Khan and Khan (Arabic and Persian خان - DMG Han ;可汗Chinese - Pinyin Kehan ​​- Mongolian хаан - Turkish han ), derived from " Khagan " ( خاقان - ḫāqān ), is a sovereign title, especially by the Altaic nomadic horsemen Central and Central Asia has been used and has many meanings to their core " commander ", " leader ", " Lord" and " rulers " are.

History

The word was first used as a proven " Gaghan " from the proto- Mongol Rouran that were known to the Chinese as Zhuan Zhuan and possibly are identical with the historical Avars. After the victory of the Kok - Turks on the Rouran this took the title ( now known as " Khaqan "), which was also a long time by the Mongols in use. In Mongolian is silent over the centuries the "q " sound, so that today the " Kha'an " is mentioned. This title - has become particularly known by the Mongol conqueror Genghis Khan - was in various other languages ​​eventually minimized " Khan ". In some languages ​​(eg, Urdu ) Khan also occurs as a surname (see, for example, Abdul Kadir Khan). Pashtun kings had in Afghanistan Khan as titles such as Ahmad Khan Abdali, Zahir Khan, Daoud Khan, etc. In Pashtun sometimes occur twice Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan as Khan, Khan Wali Khan.

Due to the loss - old Altaic sounds in modern Turkic " Khan " or " Khagan " " Kaan " or " Kağan " are in this language as " Hakan ", " Han", read and written.

Term derivative

Under Khanate (also Khanate ) refers to a medieval feudal state of the tribes whose leaders could be attributed to dschingisidische or Timurid ancestors. From the 18th century also ruler of Stammeskonförderationen, in which several tribal leaders ( beg ) gather as khan and justify the Khanate of Kokand, for example, describe themselves.