Kitamura Tokoku

Kitamura Tohoku (Japanese北 村 透 谷; born December 29, 1868 in Odawara, Kanagawa Prefecture, † May 16, 1894 in Minato by suicide ); actually Montaro Kitamura (北 村 门 太郎) was a Japanese poet and literary critic of the Meiji period, the major influence on the writers to Shimazaki Toson exercised.

Life

Kitamura Tohoku was born on December 29, 1868 in Odawara, Kanagawa Prefecture as the son of an impoverished samurai family. His actual name was Kitamura Montaro. In 1881 he moved with his parents after Tōkyō and closed the following year the Taimei Elementary School in Ginza from. The writer name to Tohoku to the Sukiya Bridge at that time very near the school (数 寄 屋 桥, sukiyabashi ) go back: the characters, with which the name of Tohoku is written in Japanese allow the reading sukiya.

In 1883 he attended the Faculty of Political Sciences of the school in Tōkyō (now Waseda University), where he was enrolled until 1886, but which he did not finish. He participated in the movement for freedom and civil rights, distanced himself from this but disappointed when he entrusted fellow to want to raise funds for the stalled movement through robbery. In 1888 he left to convert to Christianity baptized in the church at Sukiyabashi. In the same year he married Mina Ishizaka (石坂 ミナ).

Kitamura leaned with his first work on against the society and literature of his time. He proclaimed influenced by Carlyle, Emerson, and Wordsworth an idea of ​​the poet who is not shaped by education, but by subjective experience.

In 1889 he laid at his own expense the Soshu no shi (楚 囚 の 詩), but regretted it immediately and pulled back the copies. In 1891 he moved, again at his own expense, the verse drama Hōraikyoku (蓬莱 曲, song of the Horai Summit ), published 1892, the criticism Ensei - shika to josei (厭世 詩家 と 女性, The sullen poet and the woman) in the literary magazine Jogaku zasshi and presented a modern love philosophy (which to a certain extent corresponded to the principle of " love for love's sake "). The Einleitungsvers

「恋愛 は 人生 の 秘鑰 なり」

「 Ren -ai wa jinsei no hiyaku nari 」

"Love is life's secret key "

Is said to have baffled, among other Shimazaki Toson and Kinoshita Naoe. In 1893, co-founded by Kitamura literary magazine Bungakukai he published numerous reviews. To the from England who came to Japan Quaker George Braithwaite he developed a friendly relationship and found by its influence sympathy for the absolute pacifism. He participated in 1889 in the founding of the "Japanese Peace Society " (Nihon - heiwakai ) and also contributed to the magazine Heiwa ( "Peace " ) of the Company at. Kitamura also wrote the first Japanese poem in free verse ( no Shoshu shi, Gefangenenpoem ).

On May 16, 1894 committed Kitamura Tohoku, 25 years old, in Shiba Park, Minato suicide, probably by the awakening nationalism on the eve of the First Sino-Japanese War fall into mental imbalance.

Works

  • Ensei - shika to josei (厭世 詩家 と 女性, 1882 in: Jogaku zasshi )
  • Hōraikyoku (蓬莱 曲, 1891 even moved )
  • Naibu - seimei - ron (内部 生命 论, 1893 in: Bungakukai )

Swell

  • Jürgen Berndt: BI Encyclopedia East Asian literatures. Bibliographical Institute in Leipzig, 1987, ISBN 3-323-00128-1
Thomas Carlyle William Wordsworth Naoe Kinoshita Aozora Bunko Integrated Authority File
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