KÅjÅ no Tsuki
Kojo no Tsuki (Japanese荒城の月, literally: The moon over the ruined castle; poetic also: ruin in the moonlight ) is a poem by the poet Doi Bansui. It was set to music by Rentaro Taki and is widely known as a folk song in Japan.
Poem
Doi Bansui (1871-1952) was Anglist. He was born in Sendai. He studied at the Tokyo Imperial University. From 1901 to 1904 he studied in London, Paris and Leipzig. After his return Bansui taught at the Imperial Tohoku University. He died in Sendai.
The poem Bansuis was created as part of a commissioned work by the Tokyo Conservatoire (now Tōkyō Daigaku Geijutsu ) as a text for a song for the middle school. The poem or the lyrics Bansuis was initially the title Kojo Tsuki (荒城 月). The original text, which has a four -part structure (also Kishōtenketsu ), is:
春高楼の花の宴 巡る 盃影 さし て 千代 の 松が枝 分け 出 でし 昔 の 光 今 いづこ 秋 陣営 の 霜 の 色 鳴き ゆく 雁 の 数 見せ て 植 うる 剣 に 照り 沿 ひし 昔 の 光 今 いづこ 今 荒城 の 夜半 の 月 変わら ぬ 光 誰 が ためぞ 垣 に 残る は ただ 葛 松 に 歌ふ は ただ 嵐 天上 影 は 変 はら ね ど 栄枯 は 移る 世 の 姿 映 さん と てか 今 も 尚 ああ 荒城 の 夜半 の 月
The term Chiyo (千代, line 3 ) usually means " a thousand years" or a long time, but is also about Chiyoki (千代 木) the surname of the jaw. Although the Kunyomi reading the characters千代is Chiyo, but instead if you use the Onyomi - reading, the result for the千代reading Sendai. Already Date Masamune has the kanji仙台( Kyūjitai :仙台) for Sendai used. Daimyo Date Masamune ruled as the Date clan, the Tōhoku region, whose largest city is Sendai. He also built the castle Sendai, which also bears the name of Aoba Castle. Since Doi Bansui came from Sendai, here is a pun ( Kakekotoba ), is alluded to by the word Chiyo to the city of Sendai. In addition, the image of the jaw, which survives the times (千代 の 松), by the substitution of the reading of Chiyo by Sendai with the image of a pine tree (at the castle ) of Sendai (仙台(城)の 松) is linked in this way. The importance of character for Sendai ( city) can also be inverted (仙人 の 住む 高台, Sennin no sumu Takadai - Hill, where the Sennin [ Note 1 ] reside ) to be expanded. The castle Sendai, the Data Masamune built and in which he resided, is a hilltop castle (Japanese山城, Sanjō, yamajirō ), which stands on a hill, at its base, Sendai as a castle town ( Jokamachi ) developed.
Song
As Doi Bansui studied in London, he met Rentaro Taki, who also composed the melody on behalf of the Conservatory Tokyo. The original tune, 1901 with the text Bansuis [note 2] was first released, was originally vocal work ( " Mubanso " ) designed without musical accompaniment in B Minor. 1917 created Yamada Kosaku under the title Hana no en (花 の 宴) in addition an instrumental version for piano. He changed the tone of the tone while maintaining the Tongeschlechts by transposed the piece to a third upward and thus of B minor in D minor. Also the tempo and rhythm of the song, he changed from 8 to 16 bars.
In 1918 the song was published by Musikverlag Sonoo as a solo vocal piece titled Kojo no Tsuki. The composer Mori Kazuya (1915 - 1998) reports on a lecture assistant professor Kunihiko Hashimoto, held in 1927 at the Conservatory of Tokyo. Hashimoto's remarks after Europeans should be brought the D minor version Kōsakus heard. In Rentarōs original version of the E falls in hana no En ( line 1) with a by a pound sign (# ) increased tone together. This known as gypsies minor feature to increase the fourth tone of the harmonic minor scale, is characteristic of gypsy songs and it leads to the fact that Europeans associate the tune with Hungarian folk songs and did not stop for a Japanese melody. In order to avoid this effect have Tamaki Miura, asked the first Japanese opera singer of international fame, Yamada, take away the cross in its processing, as they sang Kojo no Tsuki on many occasions in Europe. A recording with piano accompaniment Yamada, but the original melody (ie 8 bars ) are available with the countertenor Yoshikazu Mera.
Lyrics
「荒城の月」 1春 高楼 の 花 の 宴 巡る 盃 かげ さし て 千代 の 松が枝 わけ 出 でし 昔 の 光 いま いずこ 2秋 陣営 の 霜 の 色 鳴き ゆく 雁 の 数 見せ て 植 うる 剣 に 照り そ いし 昔 の 光 いま いずこ 3いま 荒城 の 夜半 の 月 替ら ぬ 光 た が ため ぞ 垣 に 残る は ただ 葛 松 に 歌う は ただ 嵐 4天上 影 は 替ら ね ど 栄枯 は 移る 世 の 姿 写 さん と てか 今 も なお 嗚呼 荒城 の 夜半 の 月
「 Kojo no Tsuki 」 1 Koro Haru no hana no en - Meguru sakazuki kagesashite - Chiyo no matsu ga e wakeideshi - Mukashi no hikari ima izuko - 2 Aki jinei no shimo no iro - Nakiyuku kari no kazu misete - UURU tsurugi ni terisoishi - Mukashi no hikari ima izuko - 3 Ima Kojo no Yowa no tsuki - Kawaranu hikari ta ga tame zo - Kaki ni wa tada nokoru Kazura - Matsu ni utau wa tada arashi - 4 Tenjōkage wa kawaranedo - Eiko wa utsuru yo no sugata - Utsusan toteka ima mo nao - Ah! Kojo no Yowa no tsuki -
「荒城の月」 「 Ruin in the moonlight 」 1春 高 樓 の 花 の 宴 Burgeshöh ' in spring night. Let's drink the wine! めぐる 盃 かげ さし て Gleaming white, the blossoms. Sing ─ ─ and Bestow a! 千代 の 松が枝 わけい でし Through the old pine trees far breaks the moonlight. むかし の 光 いまい づこ Moonlight of old-time I seek find, ' I do not. 2秋 陣 營 の 霜 の 色 Army of knights in winter night rests in frost and snow. 鳴き 行く 雁 の 數 見せ て And I count on the watch Wild geese in the Hoh '. 植 うる つるぎ に 照り そひし On the swords, stringed, flashes the moonlight. むかし の 光 いまい づこ Moonlight of old-time I seek find, ' I do not.
There used to be at the building of Sakurano department stores at the main station of Sendai speaker from which came the melody of Kojo no Tsuki daily at 10:00, 12:00, 15:00 to 17:00 clock.
Reception
Other musical settings are:
- In the Belgian abbey Chevetogne Kojo no Tsuki is used in the processing of Kosuke Yamada as a church hymn.
- A jazz arrangement of Thelonious Monk is located under the title "Japanese Folk Song " on his album Straight No Chaser from 1967.
- One of the most well-known versions derived from the German heavy metal band Scorpions, the end of the 1970s, during a concert at Nakano Sun Plaza, Tokyo, played as a ballad and later released on the live album Tokyo Tapes.
- It was also played during the 1984 Alcatrazz Japan Tour Kojo no Tsuki by Yngwie Malmsteen.
- 2003 was a re- recording of baritone Toru Tanabe and pianist Matthias Gräff Schestag in German under the title " ruins in the moonlight " in " Old and new songs from Japan: 31 Japanese songs with piano accompaniment; in German translation, ed. by Toru Tanabe and Matthias Gräff Schestag " ( ISMN M -50087-920-6).