Kopaczów
Kopaczów ( German Oberullersdorf ) is a village in the municipality of Bogatynia in Poland. It is located four kilometers southeast of the center of Zittau on the border with the Czech Republic and belongs to the powiat Zgorzelecki, Lower Silesian Voivodeship.
Geography
Kopaczów forms with Oldřichov na Hranicích a closed settlement area, which extends along the Lubota / Oldřichovský Potok ( Ullersdorfer Bach). To the east rises the Vřesový vrch (Heather Mountain, 341 m), southeast of the springs Oldřichovský creek. Southwest of the lake Kristyna is located in the Czech Republic. The triangle with the Czech Republic and Germany is located two kilometers west of the village at the confluence of Lubota / Oldřichovský creek in the Lusatian Neisse.
In the west, the railway line Liberec -Zittau passes. On the western outskirts performs a dual carriageway as the connection of the Czech highway R 35 to the German Federal Highway 178 towards Sieniawka.
Neighboring towns are Sieniawka in the north, Bialopole in the northeast, Uhelná in the east, Oldřichov na Hranicích in the south, Hartau and calibration trench in the southwest, Luptin in the west and Zittau and Porajów in the northwest.
The former northern villages and Pasternik Biedrzychowice Górne and the northeast Rybarzowice have disappeared in the mining Turow.
History
The village was first mentioned in documents as Ulrici villa in 1287 and originally belonged to the dominion Grafstein. Since 1381, the Lords of Bieberstein as the owner of a share of Ullersdorf, she slammed her reign Friedland, detectable. Over time it came to a complete fragmentation of the village between the two dominions. Since 1382 the existence of a parish church is occupied, but which existed previously as a branch church of the parish in Grottau. 1527 held the Reformation catchment and in Ullersdorf was the establishment of a Protestant pastor. In addition, in the upper village was the manor Oberullersdorf, which also held shares in the village and its owner to 1651 Mr von Gersdorff were.
In the 1620 made division of caste domination Friedland Friedlander shares to caste domination Seidenberg, sold in 1626 to Christian Nostic arrived. He tried unsuccessfully recatholicisation enforce, leaving in 1628 the Protestant Pastor Zacharias Caiman, father of Christian Caiman distribute. Until 1630, the parish remained vacant, then re-entered the service of a Protestant pastor. With the transition of Upper Lusatia in the Electorate of Saxony from it in 1635 resulted in the new situation of the division of the village in Saxon and Bohemian Share where there is no clear boundary line was in Ullersdorf, but both parts were heavily mixed on the basis of the parcels. When recatholicization Bohemia Protestant Lords of Tschirnhaus had dominion Grafstein Matthias Gallas sell. Subsequently, the population of the Czech portion was mainly re gepfarrt catholic and after Grottau. The Ullersdorfer church was located in the Saxon share and remained Protestant. Owner of the manor Oberullersdorf were from the end of the 17th century, various Zittau patrician; In 1738 it was bought by Johann Only by Kyaw on Gießmann village and joined it as Vasallengut to the caste domination Reibersdorf to. 1773 acquired Johann Georg von Einsiedel the manor Oberullersdorf and united it with his caste domination.
As a result of the division of Upper Lusatia at the Vienna Congress of 1815 Saxon Ullersdorf the caste domination Reibersdorf was connected. Initial negotiations to a boundary adjustment, there were in 1815. Ullersdorf In 1847, Saxon had 1024 inhabitants. The Dorfaue on Ullersbach belonged to two thirds of the Saxon part.
On March 5, 1848, the conclusion of a border and territorial agreement between Saxony and Austria, which included balancing the various encoding and enclaves of both countries and was implemented on March 12, 1849 was performed. The now clear boundary line between the Saxon and Bohemian Oberullersdorf Ullersdorf formed in the low- village in the course of Ullersbaches, the average village the village street and the Upper Village, the branching off road Carbonaceous. This came 34 houses with 248 inhabitants of the Bohemian Ullersdorf to Oberullersdorf and Ullersdorf received 76 houses with 367 inhabitants of Saxon Ullersdorf. Because of the different denominations was determined that the Catholics of both villages after Grottau and the Protestants remained gepfarrt after Oberullersdorf. 1849 Frederick Henry bought the Bering Good Oberullersdorf and thus became the largest landowner in the village. 1856 Oberullersdorf was after the abolition of manorial estates in Saxony an independent municipality in the Zittau Amtshauptmannschaft. Overall, both communities formed a village unit. West between 1853 and 1859 was the village of the railway from Zittau to Reichenberg, and Oberullersdorf received a station. 1871, in Oberullersdorf 918 people and in 1910 it was 1148. At this time flourished the border and smuggling tourism to Ullersdorf.
After the founding of Czechoslovakia the village street was declared in the village means the neutral zone. Because of the increasing motor transport a special arrangement was made in 1919. On the street were doing, as in Oberullersdorf, the Saxon traffic rules while driving in Ullersdorf, as usual, in Czechoslovakia, in the left-hand traffic. The previously belonging to small Schönau Vorwerk Luptin was incorporated in 1920. 1925, the municipality had 1178 inhabitants and 1933 there were 1193 after the Munich Agreement in 1938 fell off the running through the village border.; However Oberullersdorf and Ullersdorf remained two communities who belonged to different administrative districts. 1939 lived in Oberullersdorf 1162 people in 1943, the number of inhabitants 1161st After the end of World War II the east of the Neisse located Oberullersdorf became part of Poland and was named Kopaczów. The German inhabitants were expelled in 1945 and 1946 and abandoned the station in December 1945. 1945 were blown up 55 houses of Kopaczów as border security measure. The border bridges over the Lubota were closed and west of the village means a new bypass road to Oberndorf applied so that the village street of the center village was attributed exclusively to Oldřichov na Hranicích.
1993 the village was opened in the old west road link to Zittau again. Since 2010, there is a road connection for cars to the Czech town half Oldřichov na Hranicích in the northeastern Oberndorf. In the Middle village, the connection between the two halves of local nor a mound on the boundary line is interrupted. The restored frontier bridge across the Ullersbach at the church in the low- village is currently approved only for pedestrians and cyclists. On the western edge the newly - trassierte dual carriageway leads as a link from the Czech highway R 35 to the German federal highway 178 on the 4.5 km long section toward Polish Sieniawka. The construction of the section was funded by Germany with 12.5 million euros and the Czech Republic with 2 million euros and was completed in much of 2010.
Attractions
- Branch Church of St. Joseph, which was extended before 1570 Erasmus of Gerdorff since 1382 detectable as a parish church and received a large tower cultivation, 1751, the church was rebuilt
Sons and daughters of the town
- Alexander Moritz Zille (1814-1872), theologian and philologist
- Gotthelf Benjamin plumbers of Ruhberg (1761-1836), theologian, writer, composer