Kožlany
Kožlany until 1924 Kozlany ( German: Koschlan ), is a city in the Czech Republic. It is located five kilometers east of Kralovice and part of the western Bohemia.
Geography
The city is 413 m above sea level creek on a plateau in the source basin of the Kožlanský, a small tributary of the Javornice, in Rakonitzer hills ( Rakovnická pahorkatina ). To the north and east, the landscape drops steeply into the valley of the creek and the Hradecký Javornice from, can be found at the confluence of east Kožlany the remains of the castle Angersbach. By Kožlany leads the state road between Kralovice and Rakovníka. To the north runs the railway branch line from Rakovníka after Mladotice, at the Kožlany west out of town has a train stop.
Neighboring towns are Samota pod Mostem and Kůzová in the north, Čistá in the northeast, and Břežany Hedčany in the east, and Černíkovice Dřevec in the south, the west and Kralovice Hradecko in the northwest.
History
Kožlany built in the 13th century when King Ottokar I. Přemysl there a Jagdhof built. Around 1230, bought the monastery Plasy Kožlany of the royal chamber. 1238 made King Wenceslas I. the sale canceled and exchanged the place against Žihle. Between 1240 and 1250 a settlement that allowed Otto Kožlanský z Kozlan expand in the first half of the 14th century a patch was created. Since 1283 a parish church is detectable. Charles IV raised Kožlany on August 12, 1351 to the town with market rights and struck him to the royal castle Křivoklát belonging rule Angersbach to.
George of Podiebrad left the rule Angersbach his vassal Jobst von Einsiedel, the Vladislav II granted the coat of arms still right and right to brew beer. At the end of the 16th century came Kožlany back into the royal estate and the castle Zbiroh been assigned. 1601 acquired Jobst younger brother Heinrich Jakob Teyrowsky von Einsiedel back the market town of Rudolf II and gave the place the privilege of establishing its own administration and a town hall.
In the Thirty Years' War Kožlany was badly damaged. Since 1672 Jews are detectable in the city and in 1700 was two kilometers north of Kožlany on the former gallows at Kůzová the Jewish cemetery. 1702 sold the Teyrowsky the property to Joseph Wenzel Lazansky of Buggau ( Lažanský z Bukové ). During this time, the importance of the patch dropped and he became impoverished. The owner Maria Gabriela Lazansky of Chudenicz the privileges for the market town in the 18th century by Maria Theresa could be confirmed. During this time, large parts of the town were destroyed by the three city fires of 1768, 1773 and 1789.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the number of Jewish citizens in the town was so far back that the Jewish community was extinguished, the Jewish cemetery, the municipality took over Kůzová and used it until 1940 for burials. 1848 founded in Kožlany a People's Guard. In 1924 the hitherto common place name Kozlany was changed to Kožlany. 1946, the former school was converted into a museum.
Attractions
- Remains of the castle Angersbach
- St. Lawrence Church, built before 1384 in the Gothic style, rebuilt after being destroyed by the encampments in 1430 and again remodeled Baroque in the 18th century. 1949, created by Peter Johann Brandl painting of St. Lawrence was discovered in the church.
- Statues of St. Joseph and the Virgin of the vestibule of the church
- 1737 created a statue of St. John of Nepomuk, east of the church
- Town hall
- Former guest house with brewery
- Old pottery workshop with historical pottery kiln
- Beneš 's Birthplace
- Jewish cemetery
- Museum in the former school with exhibitions on Edvard Beneš and Joseph Klír
Community structure
To town Kožlany include the districts Buček ( Butschek ) Dřevec ( Drewetz ) Hedčany ( Hetzan ) and Hodyně ( Hodina ).
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the town
- Josef Klír (1860-1916), Czech painter
- Vojta Beneš (1878-1950), Swedish politician
- Edvard Beneš (1884-1948), President of Czechoslovakia
In the city lived and worked
- Josef Holý (1853-1931), Czech composer
- Václav Levý (1820-1870), Czech sculptor