Kurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel

Kurt ( Curt ) Polycarp Joachim Sprengel ( born August 3, 1766 Boldekow near Anklam, † March 15, 1833 in Halle an der Saale ) was a German botanist and physician. He was the nephew of Christian Konrad Sprengel ( 1750-1816 ). Its official botanical author abbreviation is " explosive. ".

Life and work

Sprengel was the son of a teacher and later priest named Johann Friedrich Sprengel (1726-1808 or 1810) and his wife Christiane Sophie Adelung (* 1730 ). The parents were married on March 10 in 1760. His wife was the sister of Johann Christoph Adelung ( 1731-1806 ).

Both had two children, Karl Sprengel and his sister Friedericke Sprengel, later Steinmetz.

On Saturday, April 16, 1785 Sprengel was enrolled at the University of Halle, where he first theology, but then studied medicine. In 1787 he received his PhD with the topic Rudimentorum nosologiae dynamicorum prolegomena.

Already on Friday, 17 August 1787 he completed his studies with a doctorate and was a lecturer with an annual income of 50 thalers. By the year 1795, he practiced as a physician, Secret Medical Officer and was an associate professor. From the year 1789 he first read lectures as associate professor, but was appointed full professor at the Faculty of Medicine from 1795. In addition came in 1797 the professorship of botany added. In 1795 he became director of the company founded in 1696 Botanic Garden Hall.

From his 1791 closed marriage with the daughter of a wealthy paper manufacturer Kröllwitzer Keferstein, Sophia Henriette Caroline Keferstein ( 1767-1839 ) went three sons, William ( 1792-1828 ), Gustav ( 1794-1841 ) and Anton Sprengel ( 1803-1854 ), forth. He was also guardian of August Dieskau ( 1805-1889 ).

As director of the botanical garden in Halle, he brought these to a great reputation. He micro copied and disputed among others Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) and received his visit to his home on Hunter (today Jägerplatz 24). Thus Goethe visited him on Sunday, 11 July 1802 and visited with Sprengel the Botanical Gardens. This house next to the Botanical Garden was founded in 1794 specifically for Sprengel. Sprengel is considered one of the fathers of medical history.

Kurt Sprengel's final resting place is at the Halle Lawrence Cemetery, not far from his domicile at Hunter Square and the Botanical Gardens.

After Sprengel named taxa

The plant genus Sprengelia Sm of the family Ericaceae ( Ericaceae ) and the plant genus Curtia Cham. et. Schltdl. from the family of Gentian Family ( Gentianaceae ) have been named after him.

Works

• Contributions to the History of the pulse., 1787.
• Galen's teachings fever. , 1788.
• Apology of Hippocrates and his principles. , 1789.
• Attempt a pragmatic history of pharmacology. From 1792 to 1799. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf, Volume 1, Volume 2, Volume 3, Volume 4 and Volume 5
• Manual of pathology. From 1795 to 1797.
• Antiquitatum botanicarum specimen. In 1798.
• Curtii Sprengel Historia rei herbariae. From 1807 to 1808. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf, Volumes 1 and 2
• Kurt Sprengel's Handbook of semiotics., 1815. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf
• Instructions to the knowledge of plants. 1802-1804 and 1817-1818.
• Flora Halensis. From 1806 to 1815.
• Historia rei herbariae. From 1807 to 1808.
• Institutiones pharmacologiae. 1809-1819 (6 volumes).
• From the construction and the nature of the plants. In 1812.
• Plantarum umbelliferarum prodromus .... In 1813.
• Plantarum minus cognitarum pugillus. From 1813 to 1815.
• History of botany. 1817-1818 (2 volumes).
• Species umbelliferarum minus cognitae. In 1818.
• History of surgery. 1819.
• History of medicine. In 1820.
• New discoveries in all range of botany. From 1820 to 1822.

Swell

• Fritz Encke, Günther Buchheim, Siegmund Seybold: Dictionary of Plant Names. Founded by Robert Zander. 13th edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart ( Hohenheim ) 1984, ISBN 3-8001-5042-5.