Lactarius sanguifluus
Wine Red Pine saffron milk cap ( Lactarius sanguifluus )
The wine Red Pine saffron milk cap ( Lactarius sanguifluus ) is a species of fungus in the family Täublingsverwandten ( Russulaceae ). It was first described in 1811 by Jean -Jacques Paulet sanguifluum as Hypophyllum and received in 1838 by Elias Magnus Fries its current scientific name. The Artattribut ( epithet ) sanguifluus means blood flowing. The thermophilic Reizker likes calcareous soils and occurs under pines. He is regarded as quite a good edible mushroom.
- 4.1 edibility
- 4.2 ingredients
- 5.1 Literature
- 5.2 Notes and references
- 5.3 External links
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The thick-fleshed Hat Wine Red Pine Reizker is 5-9, rarely up to 12 cm wide. When young it is flatly arched, then spread and depressed in the center and deepened slightly funnel-shaped in age. The surface is smooth and matt in the dry state. Wet is the hat skin shiny and greasy. The hat is colored dirty orange and has a wine- red tinge. He is not or only slightly zoned, sometimes it shows - especially in old age - greenish spots. The smooth edge is bent long time.
The slats are young creamy yellow with wine red clay, later meat to wine red. Under pressure down they turn red wine. They are widely grown on a stick and walk a bit down on it. Many blades are forked and mingled with quite a few intermediate fins. The cutting edges are smooth and the spore powder is pale ocher.
The cylindrical, full young, later pithy hollow - stem is 3-5 (6 ) cm long and 1.5-2.0 (2.5 ) cm wide. Towards the base he is sometimes a bit rejuvenated. The surface is smooth to slightly längsaderig and frosted whitish on weinrötlichem reason. He often shows some pitted, wine-red spots.
The flesh is pale cream- yellow, discolored rapidly burgundy sectional and greenish after a few hours. The smell slightly fruity, the taste mild to bitterly. The mild to bitter milk is burgundy and has a slight mauve. It is more or less immutable, but may also weak tan.
Microscopic characteristics
The roundish to elliptical spores are 7.2 to 9.4 microns long and 6.1 to 7.7 microns wide. The Q value (quotient of spore length and spore width) is 1.1-1.3. The spores ornament is high to 0.6 microns and consists of fairly thick degrees or ribs, which are partially connected to each other like a net. In addition, there are numerous shorter ridges and standing isolated warts.
The basidia are clavate to bulbous pretty and measure 50-73 x 10-12 microns. They carry four sterigmata 4-6 microns long. The spindle -, awl - up sword-shaped Pleuromakrozystiden are sparse to quite numerous. They are 47-55 microns long and 7-8 microns wide. Often they can only be found on the disk surface. The fins blades are sterile and carry few to numerous spindle - to pfriemförmige Cheilomakrozystiden. This measure 23-40 x 5-6 microns.
The hat skin is up to 200 microns wide Ixocutis. It consists of 2-5 microns wide lying parallel hyphae and Hyphenfragmenten, often branched and are strongly intertwined. In between are single Lactiferen, gelatinized everything.
Artabgrenzung
The wine Red Pine Reizker is probably the saffron milk cap, which can be determined most simply because he is the only one who has a wine-red milk from the start. For the other stimulus core first emerges from an orange to orange- red milk, which after a few minutes or hours burgundy colored or as in the case of Real Reizker ausblasst greenish.
Dissemination
The wine Red Pine Reizker is a heat- loving, mostly European style, which is somewhat more widespread only in the Mediterranean. It occurs on the Canary Islands, Balearic Islands, Italy and Cyprus. In Western Europe it is found in France, Luxembourg and Belgium. In the Netherlands, he was found on calcareous dunes on a warm, sunny and protected spot on the edge of a pine -dominated forest. It is found throughout central Europe, here comes but rarely to most absent-minded. In northern Europe, it has been detected only on the limestone islands of Bornholm and Gotland. The North American occurrences are not closely related with Kiefernreizker and probably belong to the family circle of Lactarius indigo. Also from Pakistan, Japan and China there is evidence. But whether they are really conspecific with the European Pine Reizker remains to be seen.
In Germany the wine Red Pine Reizker is found almost exclusively in southern Germany. References are also from North Rhine -Westphalia, southern Lower Saxony, Thuringia and Saxony- Anhalt. North of the Central Upland Range, the fungus seems to be missing. On the German Red List of Reizker is performed in the hazard category RL3. In Switzerland, the species is rare.
Importance
Feed value
The wine Red Pine Reizker like all Milkcaps from the section Deliciosi edible. In addition to the precious saffron milk cap he is considered the tastiest among the core appeal.
Ingredients
The wine Red Pine Reizker contains a mixture of different sterols. Featuring a 57 - % share important sterol is ergosterol - a Mycosterin. Ergosterol is related to the sterol cholesterol, which is mainly found in animals and humans in the cell membrane, but also serves as a precursor for a number of hormones. In addition to the ergosterol lesser amounts used at various ergosterol derivatives before, including Ergost -7 -en- 3β -ol -7 ,22 ergosta -dien- 3β -ol and ergosta -5 ,7-dien- 3β -ol. Ergosterol is a precursor of vitamin D.
In addition, contains the milk of Reizker pigments that belong to the group of Guajan sesquiterpenes. The main Guajan sesquiterpenes are Lactaroviolin and Sangol. In case of breach of the fruiting body, these sesquiterpenes are released from a precursor fatty acid ester, enzymatically or by oxidation with atmospheric oxygen, these compounds can react to form other products.