List of Counts of Albon and Dauphins of Viennois
The county Albon was born when the Archbishop of Vienne Vienne from the county, which he had received in 1023, two new fiefdom spun off, Maurienne in the north, which developed Savoy, and Albon in the south, from which the Dauphiné was born.
Guigues IV of Albon had in his coat of arms the image of a curved dolphin, which is why he got the nickname " Dolphin Tale " (French: le Dauphin ). Among his descendants, this nickname became a title and the dolphin was an integral part of their coat of arms. This county was named Albon de Viennois Dauphiné, later called the whole territory of the Dauphin Dauphiné.
On July 16, 1349, the last Dauphin Humbert II transferred the Dauphiné to the French Prince Charles, later King Charles V. Since the Dauphiné was as part of the Kingdom of Burgundy, a fief of the Holy Roman Empire, the lehnsrechtliche position of the Dauphin's designed from the French royal house of Valois as complicated. The land was bequeathed to Prince Charles as neither whose grandfather, King Philip VI. , Nor his father, the then Crown Prince John, wanted to enter into a vassal relationship with the Holy Roman Emperor. This problem but turned out to be Prince Charles in 1364 even ascended the French throne. Usually fiefs were the heir to the throne belonged on his accession to the royal domain united, but forbade the Dauphiné since this was a fief of the emperor and not the French crown and thus ergo could not be associated with it.
To avoid tangles lehnsrechtlichen renounced Karl therefore, like his father and grandfather, on his accession to the government in the Dauphiné and she confided to a representative appointed by him. For sovereigns, the oldest son and presumptive heir to the throne of the king was appointed, who got transferred to government violence in reach of maturity. This eliminated the Dauphiné de facto out of the Holy Roman Empire, although not immediately de jure, as the Emperor their claim to sovereignty over the area kept up initially.
This changed in the year 1457th The reigning Dauphin, Prince Ludwig, stood in constant opposition to his father, King Charles VII, and possessed with the Dauphiné its own administrative and economic well- recognized power base. In order to force his son into submission, King Charles VII deprived him of the Dauphiné by their military occupation and forced their estates to pay homage to the French crown. The autonomous administration of the country was incorporated into the Verwaltungsordung France and thus made virtually to a French crown land. Thus, the factual but also legal annexation of the Dauphiné by France was not only committed. On the part of the Emperor Frederick III. , The former Oberlehnsherren of the country was against that measure no objection.
The sovereign of the Dauphiné was from now on until the end of the monarchy, the French king. But to pass through to 1457 established practice this province the heir to the throne of France had prevailed until then a habit to first address the heir to the throne with the title of Dauphin. This resulting tradition was maintained even after the annexation of the Dauphiné and the Crown Prince of France was called up to the end of the monarchy Dauphin de France.
List of Counts of Albon and Viennois
House Albon
- Before 1044 - after 1063: Guigues I. The old man, received the county Albon, the southern part of the former county of Vienne
- Before 1063 - after 1080: Guigues II of fats, whose son, Earl of Grenoble
- Before 1080 - after 1098: Guigues III. the Count, whose son, the first Earl of Viennois
- -1142 ....: Guigues IV of the dolphin ( Le Dauphin ) ( † 1142 ), whose son
- 1142-1162: V. Guigues, whose son
- 1162-1228: Beatrix, whose daughter, ∞ Hugo III. Duke of Burgundy
Older house Burgundy
House La Tour -du-Pin
Humbert II transmits the county Dauphiné Viennois de on July 16, 1349 to the later French king Charles V.
House of Valois
Annexation of the Dauphiné by the French crown in 1457 for the Dauphin de France, see:. List of Dauphin of France