Lo Crestià

Lo crestia ( The Christian in German ) was an encyclopedia, which was sponsored by the King Peter IV of Aragon. It was written by Francesc Eiximenis 1379-1392. The first volume and the first half of Dotze ( twelfth volume) were published by the German printer Lambert Palmart in Valencia in 1483 and 1484.

After Curt Wittlin it should be called Lo Cristià. In the beginning it should consist of thirteen volumes. These volumes should " total all the basics of Christianity " included to allow the study of theology was encouraged among the laity. Nowadays, you can argue that it is an encyclopedia of medieval life. Lo crestia is considered a universal work that marks an important stage in the history of occidental literature: This is the last important medieval Summa Theologica, and it is also one of the first works of European educational and theological literature, but not in Latin, written in a native, the Catalan language.

  • 3.1 manuscripts
  • 3.2 incunabula
  • 3.3 Lo crestia on the entire digitized works

Project

The project of this work is presented the introduction for the whole Lo crestia in Section 4:

  • The first book should have been a general and apologethische introduction to Christianity.
  • The second book should be referred to the temptation.
  • The third book should be based on the evil and the different kinds of sins.
  • The fourth book should be referred to the freedom of man to do good or evil. It is also about God help the man to do good rather than evil.
  • The fifth book should be referred to the three theological virtues: faith, hope and love.
  • The sixth book should be based on the four cardinal virtues. Wisdom, justice, fortitude and temperance
  • The seventh book should be referred to the Ten Commandments.
  • The eighth book should be referred to the order of things and of living things according to the medieval worldview.
  • The ninth book should be referred to the incarnation of God.
  • The tenth book should be referred to the seven sacraments.
  • The eleventh book should be referred to the different types of clergy.
  • The twelfth book should be referred to the Government of the society.
  • The thirteenth book should be referred to eschatology and the end of the world. It is also about the prices or punishments that you will get to the medieval belief at the end of the world.

From the beginning the planned thirteen volumes only four volumes have been written: The first three volumes deal with issues of theology and morality. The twelfth volume is the Government of the Republic. Nonetheless, the majority of the themes of the books not written by Lo crestia be scattered by other works of Eiximenis.

Volumes

First volume

The first volume (or primer del crestia ) was written 1379-1381. This is a general introduction to the Christian religion, which is also apologetic against Islam and Judaism. Which is divided into four parts. This includes three hundred seventy-six sections together with five introductory sections of the whole Lo crestia. Therefore, it has a total of three hundred eighty-one sections. King Peter IV of Aragon had a great interest that this work was completed quickly. So he ordered that Eiximenis had to have permission to go outside of his monastery, " fins que la obra dita haya perfecció " (up why this work is quite perfect ).

Second volume

The second volume (or Segon del crestia ) was written 1382-1383. It is about the temptation and contains two hundred and forty sections and an analysis of the problem of temptation.

Third volume

The third volume (or TERC del crestia ) was written in 1384. It contains a total of one thousand sixty sections and is divided into twelve parts. Here the concepts of evil and sin are explored. There is a very detailed idea of the seven deadly sins and the sins of the tongue. Some topics of the second volume to be extended here. This volume contains the part of Com usar bé de beure e menjar ( As you can well use the food and drinking ). Although this part does not contain any recipes, it is look useful to know the gastronomy of this time. For example, he refers to the operation, the protocol and the moral rules of the moment of eating.

Twelfth band

The twelfth volume (or Dotze del crestia ) was written 1385-1392. This treatise contains a total of nine hundred seven sections, which will be distributed in eight parts. Here are the basics of the government of the cities and municipalities are explained.

Digital editions of Lo crestia

Manuscripts

  • First half (sections 1-523 ) from TERC del crestia ( BNC, ms. 457 ).

Incunabula

  • Primer del crestia (Valencia, Lambert Palmart, 1483 ).
  • First half (sections 1-473 ) from Dotze del crestia (Valencia, Palmart Lambert, 1484 ).

Lo crestia on the entire digitized works

  • Entire works of Francesc Eiximenis (in Catalan and in Latin ).
Albert Hauf
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