Magnoliopsida

The Magnoliopsida dicotyledons ( Magnoliopsida ) formed in some classifications a taxon of plants from the Department of angiosperms ( Magnoliophyta). In current classifications they not represent a separate taxon more because they are paraphyletic, but are grouped together under the term basal orders.

Features

The representatives are mostly woody plants and possess essential oils ( phenylpropanoids, terpenes ) which are located in spherical idioblasts. The leaves are simple and have no stipules.

The flowers are designed very differently. There may be a number of floral organs, which are then usually arranged spirally, the floral organs can be arranged in threefold circles; in some cases they are even more reduced. The carpels are often free ( chorikarp ). The pollen is usually monosulcat, that has a groove, whereupon also the German name of the group refers.

Plants of the Magnoliopsida often contain Benzylisochinolinalkaloide and the biosynthetically related with these neolignans.

System

The Magnoliopsida dicotyledons are paraphyletic, that is, they probably do not include all the descendants of their last common ancestor. They include the basal groups of angiosperms and have many similarities. Overall, a distinction about 10,000 species.

The relationships are now reasonably well known by molecular biological studies. They can be represented in the following cladogram that also contains the other two classes of angiosperms. The Magnoliopsida associated taxa are in bold:

Class Three furrows pollen dicots ( Rosopsida )

Similar magnolia ( Magnoliidae )

Chloranthales

Hornwort similar ( Ceratophyllales )

Class Monocots ( Liliopsida )

Sternanisartige ( Austrobaileyales )

Lily -like ( Nymphaeales )

Amborellales

The ratios between the top five groups are not understood with sufficient certainty, so here is no clear division can be made.

The Magnoliopsida be divided into four subclasses, which contain nine orders, with two orders are not assigned to a subclass:

• Amborellales with the only kind: Amborella trichopoda

• Nymphaeales

• Ceratophyllales

• Chloranthales

• Magnolia -like ( Magnoliales )
• Laurel -like ( Laurales )
• Canellales
• Pepper -like ( Piperales )