Manuel de Falla

Manuel de Falla y Matheu María [ Manwel dE faʎa ] ( born November 23, 1876 in Cadiz, † November 14, 1946 in Alta Gracia, Argentina) was a Spanish composer.

Life

The son of a merchant and a pianist de Falla received his first music lessons from his mother María Jesús Matheu. Further studies with Alejandro Odero and Enrique Broca ensued, but he hesitated initially between a literary and a musical career. In 1896, he finally accepted to study music at the Madrid Conservatory as a piano student of José Tragó on, won in the following years several awards and wrote his first compositions, including songs, piano and chamber music.

For financial support of his family composed de Falla 1901-1903 five zarzuela, two of them in collaboration with Amadeo Vives, but were not very successful. From 1902 he studied with Felipe Pedrellian, the founder of the Spanish national music. His breakthrough as a composer experienced de Falla with the written between 1904 and 1905 opera La vida breve ( The Short Life ). In 1907 he went to Paris. The contact with the living here Composers of Impressionism as Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Paul Dukas and the Spaniard Isaac Albéniz influenced de Falla's style. In Paris, the Trois emerged mélodies (1909 ) on poems by Théophile Gautier and Siete canciones populares españolas 1912.

At the outbreak of the First World War, de Falla returned to Madrid, where in 1915 his " Gitanería " El amor brujo ( Love Spell ) was first performed, which he later reworked into a ballet with singing (premiered in London in 1921 ). 1916 followed Noches en los Jardines de España ( Nights in the Gardens of Spain ), a three-movement suite for piano and orchestra. The pantomime El corregidor y la molinera ( The Magistrate and the Miller's Wife, 1917) after the novel by Pedro Antonio de Alarcón - which had already served Hugo Wolf as a template for his opera Der Corregidor - he worked for the ballet El sombrero de tres picos ( the three-cornered hat ), which in London in 1919 received its first performance in the equipment of Pablo Picasso. 1921 could be de Falla settled in Granada. In the house near the Alhambra is now the Museo Falla with documents on the life and work of the composer.

Keep on de Falla away now from the opulent Impressionism toward a more brittle, classical music style. His next stage work, El retablo de maese Pedro ( Master Peter's Puppet Show, 1923) by Cervantes ' Don Quixote, is a puppet opera. He discovered for the harpsichord, to whom he dedicated the Concerto for Harpsichord and five solo instruments ( 1926). He then began his stage oratorio Atlantida. But his increasingly deteriorating health forced him to long work breaks, partially paralyzes occurred. In addition, troubled him the 1936 beginning Spanish Civil War. In 1939 de Falla to Argentina, deeply shocked by the Second World War. There he died in 1946, to be able to accomplish without Atlantida. His most important pupil Ernesto Halffter completed the work. His final resting place de Falla after transfer to Spain in the cathedral of his native city of Cádiz.

His image graced a 100 - Pesetas banknote of Spain (Madrid 17 de Noviembre de 1970).

Works

  • La casa de Tocame Roque. Zarzuela (1900, lost)
  • Limosna de amor. Zarzuela (1901 )
  • Los amores de la Inés. Zarzuela (1902 )
  • El cornetín de órdenes. Zarzuela (1903, with A. Vives, but missing )
  • La cruz de Malta. Zarzuela (1903, with A. Vives, but missing )
  • La vida breve ( The Short Life ). Lyrical Drama (1904-1905)
  • El amor brujo. Ballet (1914-1915)
  • Soleá. Incidental music (1916 )
  • El corregidor y la molinera. Farsa mimica (1916-1917); 1918-1919 worked as El sombrero de tres picos ( The Three- Pointed )
  • El fuego fatuo. Comic opera by Chopin (1918-1919); unfinished. On behalf of the opera houses in Madrid and Lisbon, the Italian composer Fabio Vacchi to complete the fragment.
  • El retablo de maese Pedro. Puppet opera (1919-1922)
  • Auto de los reyes magos. Incidental music (1923 )
  • El gran teatro del mundo. Incidental music (1927 )
  • La vuelta de Egipto. Incidental music (1935 )
  • Atlantida. Cantata Escenica (unfinished, completed by Halffter E. )
  • Noches en los Jardines de España. ( Nights in the Gardens of Spain. ) Symphonic Impressions for Piano and Orchestra ( 1911-1915 )
  • Homenajes (1920-1939) ( Fanfare sobre el nombre de EF Arbós -. Cl à Debussy - à P. Dukas - Pedrelliana )
  • Dos rimas (1899-1900)
  • Preludios (1900)
  • Your ojillos negros (1902 )
  • Mélodies Trois (1909 )
  • Siete canciones populares españolas (1914-1915)
  • Oración de las madres que tienen a sus hijos en brazos (1914 )
  • El pan de ronda (1915 )
  • Soneto a Córdoba ( 1927)
  • Psyché for voice, flute, harp and string trio (1924 )
  • Invocatio ad individuam Trinitatem for 3 female voices (1928 )
  • Sinite parvulos for 3 children's voices (1932 )
  • Balada de Mallorca to Chopin for Choir (1933 )
  • Himno marcial after Pedrellian (1937 )
  • Melodía for cello and piano (1897-1899)
  • Mireya for Flute and Piano Quartet (1899 )
  • Piano Quartet (1899 )
  • Romanza for cello and piano (1899 )
  • Serenata Andaluza for Violin and Piano ( 1899)
  • Homenaje Le tombeau de Claude Debussy for guitar (1920, orchestrated in Homenajes )
  • Fanfare pour une fête ( 1921)
  • Concerto for Harpsichord, Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, Violin and Cello (1923-1926)
  • Nocturno (1899 )
  • Serenata Andaluza (1899 )
  • Canción (1900)
  • Vals- capricho (1900)
  • Cortejo de gnomos (1901 )
  • Hoja de álbum (1902 )
  • Allegro de concierto (1903 )
  • Pièces espagnoles (1902-1908)
  • Fantasia bética (1919)
  • Canto de los Remeros de Volga ( 1922)
  • Pour le tombeau de Paul Dukas (1935, orchestrated in Homenajes )
Music school Felip Pedrell Mime artist Integrated Authority File
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