Marionette

A puppet is a marionette, which is moved by a puppeteer with the help of threads that are attached to the individual members. The building material was formerly usually wood. For the heads of lime wood was often used since it has a fine grain, is soft enough to be easily machined, and hard enough to remain stable durable and unbreakable. Today, depending on the topic wide variety of materials are used, hard and soft foam, latex, paper - mâché or wood and much more.

Representation and production

Unlike puppets can here the whole figure are presented and moved, including the lower body, and the legs, which allows a more faithful representation of the figure. In addition, the player can act completely hidden, so that only the seemingly independent character for the audience remains visible. These circumstances led to transfer to a fashion, plays or operas directly on the puppet stage and to let act "little people" to what was neither the pieces nor the medium of puppetry justice in the 19th century.

The most complicated puppet must fail, is asked of her the abilities of humans. Direct actions such as gripping, intimate hugs or even powerful slamming into a fight you are not originally, as they only obeyed the laws of pendulum and gravity. Naturally With specially designed figures and those situations are manageable, but then the game develops under circumstances likely to artistry.

When it comes to contrast, Indirect and especially to forms that dissolve by gravity, the puppet is inherently superior to any actor.

Dissemination

Puppet -like puppets are known since ancient times. Already in ancient Egypt and ancient Greece, these figures mentioned Neurospasmata enjoyed great popularity. Professional puppeteer earned with their performances livelihood.

One of the best-known German puppet theater is the Augsburg Puppet Theatre. The oldest puppet theater dynasty of Germany is the theatrical family Bille from the Erzgebirge, in addition there was the winter of Silesia, the judge from Thuringia, the Apel from Saxony and the theatrical family Schichtl (whose descendants still as a vaudeville theater Schichtl at the Oktoberfest in Munich are represented ) from southern Germany. The Lindau puppet opera, the Düsseldorf Puppet Theatre, the Salzburg Marionette Theatre, and the Marionette Theater at Schönbrunn perform operas and plays on with puppets. Another well known puppet theater is a theater founded in 1924 by Karl Magersuppe The Holzköppe, established since 1955 in Steinau. This stage is one of the oldest existing puppet theaters in Germany and one of the few who still play in traditional form.

Great tradition have puppets in Chinese puppet theater and in the Sicilian Puppet Theatre ( Opera dei Pupi ). In Iran This traditional puppet theater Kheimeh Shab Bazi. The shape is evident from the name, which can be translated as " night performance in a doll shop". Accompanying musical instruments sound the spike fiddle Kamancheh and the goblet drum tombak. The main character is a clown to operate the 10 to 15 other puppets.

In Burmese puppet theater Yokthe Thay 50 to 90 centimeter dolls to the accompaniment of a classical orchestra Hsaing Waing be moved. The first references to Burmese puppets ( Burmese yokhte ) come to be mentioned by name from a stone inscription from the year 1444 on the number of puppeteers. The poet, musician and Myawaddy Mingyi U Sa -General (1766-1853) contributed significantly to the development of the Burmese puppet show to a highly regarded courtly art form. The traditional repertoire consists of stories from the life of Buddha ( Jatakas ), historical events and legends. Previously offered temple celebrations an occasion for the appearance of mythical figures, to which the snake deity Naga, the mythical bird Garuda, various animals and the Magician ( zawgyi ) belong. The idea normally opens the doll ( natkawdaw ) a female ancestral spirit (nat). The art form is now obtained mainly through puppet troops in Mandalay alive.

In India include puppets to a very old dramatic form, which is mentioned in the Indian national epic Mahabharata, which was written from the 4th century BC and still as popular theater in the Indian states of Rajasthan as Kathputli, Odisha as Kundhei, Karnataka occurs as Gombeyatta and in Tamil Nadu as Bommalattam. The dolls are made of wood and fabric, papier-mâché or leather.

Puppet in a figurative sense

A man who is being used by another as a tool, it also referred to as a puppet. A puppet government is used by a third party ( victor ) power and controlled. The terms straw man, mastermind puppet state and sock puppet also refer to the puppet.

Romantic

The Romantic artist had an affinity for the puppet theater. They were fascinated by the fact that the figures apparently the laws of gravity overrule. So it came to the famous lose oneself of the characters, as it were able to even the fairies and elves in the imagination of romantics.

Gallery

Puppeteer

Puppetry Plön

Marionette Theatre

Rinaldo Rinaldine as a puppet

Histoire d' amour at the Nikolai Zykov Theatre