Martine Aubry

Martine Aubry ( born August 8, 1950 in Paris ) is a French politician of the Parti Socialiste (PS). She's since March 2001 Mayor of Lille and was from November 2008 to October 2012 first secretary ( party leader ) of the PS.

Family, education and employment

Martine Aubry is the daughter of the French politician and EU Commission President Jacques Delors.

Aubry visited after their schooling at the Lycée Paul- Valéry in Paris two elite high schools: In 1972, she completed her studies at Sciences Po and moved to the École nationale d'administration (ENA ), which she left with the graduating class Léon Blum. At the same time, she was active in the ranks of the CFDT union.

After their diplomas first item followed by the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs under Jean Auroux - it was decisive role in the drafting of the laws of Auroux - and Pierre Bérégovoy, as well as in the State Council and from 1978 taught at the ENA before 1989-1991 joined the Pechiney group and was named after Jean Gandois deputy chairman.

Aubry married in 1973 Xavier Aubry, with whom she has a daughter. The name Aubry they retained even after the divorce. On 20 March 2004 she was received by Jean -Louis Brochen, a lawyer from Lille, a second marriage.

Political career

Aubry came in 1974 when the Parti Socialiste. First political experience she gained as an employee in the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs.

In 1991 she was appointed by Édith Cresson to Minister of Labour and Vocational Training and subsequently confirmed in the government under Pierre Bérégovoy in this office. After the government power fell into the hands of right-wing parties, she founded her foundation Agir contre l' exclusion ( FACE) and was founded in 1995 by Pierre Mauroy as his deputy in the town hall of Lille.

Some observers saw in 1995 to compete in the abandonment of her father as a candidate for the presidency, not to be the desire of the career of his own daughter in the way. Lionel Jospin, was the instead be borne by the party that role, found a use for it as a press officer of his campaign. When he was named party secretary again after his defeat, he intended Martine Aubry choose to let his deputy, but this declined the offer.

Minister in the Cabinet Jospin

After the victory of Gauche plurielle (1997 ) and its associated choice for the Members of the Nord they took over the post of Cabinet Jospin ' Minister for Labour and Solidarity '. Your are significant contributions to the realization of the most important campaign promise of Prime Minister, the fight against unemployment and creating new jobs, attributed to pushing through several measures, including the introduction of the 35 - hour week. Measure, which was heavily criticized in the ranks of the rights and the employer, sparked a lively debate. While pointing a page on hundreds of thousands of jobs, this may have caused and the associated social changes, as well as the improvement of working conditions, others saw it as an obstacle to the competitiveness of France; the ruin of a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises to give rise.

It was the accusation loud, the project had been carried out hastily and been associated with coercive measures without proper consultation with the social partners. De facto was included for the introduction of the 35 -hour week on a new form of legislation, with a first law, which was adopted on 12 June 1998 and guidelines and principles on the basis of a voluntary commitment of the social partners pretending followed by a second law, which should be mandatory for all, from 1 January 2000 and was based on more than a hundred thousand agreements at the level of firms and industries. In addition, there was the introduction of Emplois - Jeunes - measures, young people should pave the way into the labor market, the adoption of a law on the prevention of exclusion and the introduction of individual donations to ensure the independence of dependent seniors. With the introduction of the Couverture maladie universelle ( CMU) also first came all citizens to enjoy a universal health insurance.

Mayor of Lille and chairman of the PS

In 2000 she founded a club called ' reformers ' to reflect on political events and occurred simultaneously from the government in order to devote himself to the campaign for the local elections intense. In these she ran for the successor Pierre Mauroys as mayor of Lille. She managed to win the office, while other prominent leaders of the Parti Socialiste, like Jack Lang or Élisabeth Guigou failed with their mayor candidates. After the defeat of the Parti Socialiste both in the presidential elections of 2002 and in the elections to the National Assembly in June 2002, she focused on her work in the town hall of Lille.

In December 2004, she rejoined the leadership of the Parti Socialiste in addition to Dominique Strauss- Kahn and Jack Lang responsible for drawing up a program and concept in relation to the 2007 elections.

As Mayor of Lille, it has contributed to significant changes in the cityscape, mainly with the project Lille 2004 European Capital of Culture, which has enticed within a year more than 9 million visitors to the city.

In November 2008, Aubry candidate after the Congress of Reims for the post of first secretary ( chairman ) of the Parti Socialiste. She decided the primary election on the second ballot by a margin of just 100 votes ( 50.04 percent) against Ségolène Royal for themselves. There were accusations of manipulation against their supporters. In the party leadership they tied a more currents, especially the environment of the Paris Mayor Bertrand Delanoë and the party left by Benoît Hamon, making it succeeded to stabilize the deeply divided PS again.

Defeat in the race for the presidency

For the 2012 presidential election, it was considered certain that Aubry would renounce in favor of Dominique Strauss -Kahn on a separate application for the nomination of the Parti Socialiste. After Strauss -Kahn, but opted not to apply after rape accusations Aubry declared her candidacy for the open primaries ( Primaires citoyennes ) of the PS. In her campaign she spoke, among others, in favor of opt out of the use of nuclear energy in the long term. In the primaries, it reached 30 percent of the vote the ballot, but she lost to François Hollande.

Hollande was elected on 6 May 2012 for the next president of France: he won the runoff election against incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy. Aubry was traded after the election victory as a potential Prime Minister and thus a kind of top candidate for the general election in June 2012. Hollande but opted for Jean -Marc Ayrault, Aubry told then not to stand for another government position available. Even the office of secretaire Première of the PS gave them in the sequence. As her successor as party leaders Aubry suggested together with Prime Minister Ayrault Harlem Désir, on 12 September 2012. This was officially elected on October 18, but had taken office as early as the 17th of September.

Following the resignation as party chairman

Aubry stressed since her retirement as party leader, she concentrated on her post as mayor of Lille, where she has stood in 2014 for another term of office, and as president of the agglomeration of Lille. At the national level it is merely a member of the party executive ( bureau national) of the PS.

However, Aubry is still considered an influential politician within the PS at the national level. It is traded in the media as a possible candidate for the office of the Prime Minister, if François Hollande should reorganize the government. In surveys it is rated as one of the most popular politicians of the left.

In November 2012, a formal investigation was initiated on suspicion of negligent homicide and assault against Aubry. It was criticized for tolerated in her time as Director of Labor Relations in the Ministry of Labour and Social Security in the early 1980s insufficient legal protection measures for workers exposed to asbestos, possibly under the influence of a lobbying organization. Aubry rejected the allegations and stressed that it was at that time as well as other state institutions have been the view that the protection measures put in place were sufficient. End of February 2013 requested the Paris Prosecutor's Office at competent Court of Appeal that the proceeding against Aubry and other defendants, contrary to the position of the competent investigating judge. On May 17, 2013, the Court of Appeal in Paris the proceedings.

Training

• Schooling in a boarding
• Completion of a Licence in Economics
• A graduate of the Institute of Social Sciences and labor
• A graduate of the Institute of Political Studies of Paris, in 1972
• Graduate of ENA ( 1973-1975 ), in the graduating class " Léon Blum "

Career

Publications

• ( The decision to act ) Le choix d' agir, 1994
• Petit Dictionnaire pour contre l' lutter extrême - droite, 1994 ( Small dictionary in the fight against right-wing extremism )
• Il est grand temps, 1997 ( It's big time )
• Loi d'Orientation et d' incitation à la Réduction du Temps de Travail, 1998 (Directive and recommendation to reduce the working week )
• C'est quoi la solidarité? , 2000 ( What's solidarity? )
• L'important c'est la santé, 2003 ( The importance of health )
• Culture toujours, 2004 ( Time and again, culture)
• Une vision espérer pour, pour une volonté transformer, 2004 ( A vision of hope, a will to change )
• Un nouvel art de ville le projet urbain Lille, 2005 ( Novel Urban Art: urban planning projects in Lille)