Pierre Mauroy
Pierre Mauroy [ pjɛʁ mo'ʁwa ] ( born July 5, 1928 in Cartignies, Nord, † June 7, 2013 in Clamart ) was a French socialist politician of the Parti Socialiste (PS). He was almost 30 years mayor of Lille and at the same time 1981-1984 Prime Minister.
Life
Mauroy was born the son of a Flemish-French teacher. He attended high school in Cambrai and later the vocational school in Cachan. From 1952 Mauroy worked as a vocational teacher in Colombes near Paris.
He was involved very early, namely in 1944, in the old Socialist Party Section Française de l' International ouvrière ( SFIO ) and was already 1949-1958 Secretary General of the Socialist Youth. In 1955 he became Secretary General of the vocational teachers union. In 1961 he was Secretary General of the Northern Federation of SFIO. With the establishment of the PS, in which the SFIO, the Fédération de la Gauche Socialiste et Démocrate and the Parti Socialiste radical were united in 1971, he was secretary of the National Coordination Office. Step by step he rose then the head of the responsible post further up. At the suggestion of Augustin Laurent he reached the second position on the list of candidates of the Socialist party in local elections in 1971 in Lille. Augustin Laurent was re-elected, came two years later, on January 8, 1973 Mauroy back and became his successor. On March 11, 1973, he was also elected to the National Assembly as a deputy of the department of Nord. A year later he was elected president of the Regional Council of Nord-Pas -de- Calais region.
As an important support of François Mitterrand in the creation of the left coalition in 1981, as a convinced European and staunch opponent of centralization of France, he was appointed Prime Minister following the election of François Mitterrand as President from him on 21 May 1981. The first coalition government Mauroys, which was formed after winning election to the National Assembly completed a four ministers of the Communist Party ( PCF). In fulfillment of campaign promises of President Mauroy presented a social emergency program and the first steps of an ambitious reform program: introduction of the 39 -hour week, five weeks paid annual leave, hiring additional official, administrative decentralization, nationalization of large companies ( such as Bull Computer, Rhône -Poulenc, Dassault, Sacilor Usinor and Thomson) and banks ( Crédit Lyonnais, Compagnie financière de Suez ), property tax increases, increasing income, eliminating various security laws, retirement at 60 years, abolition of the death penalty, media reform, abortion ( against the advice of President ).
As in West Germany and the UK as a result of the oil crisis, in France the rate of inflation and unemployment. Then there was a currency crisis that Mauroy a year later forced austerity measures as a "politics of austerity " ( politique de l' austérité ) to take in order to overcome the financial and economic problems, personified by the Finance Minister Jacques Delors. The indexation of income in relation to the price level was waived, the private vocational training has been postponed. This was rejected by the voters of the left. The Communist ministers resigned in 1983 after increasing from disputes arising from the government. March 22, 1983 Mitterrand commissioned Mauroy again to form a government of his third government. Two weeks later, on 6 April 1983 Mauroy announced in his Policy Statement emergency decrees to enforce a drastic austerity and restriction program. In particular, the communist union CGT organized then nationwide strikes. On 18 July 1984, the President decided to replace Mauroy as Prime Minister by Laurent Fabius.
Mauroy then returned to the North, where he possessed considerable political weight. In 1988 he was Chairman ( First Secretary ) of the PS. He gave these items to 1992, when he was elected Senator. From September 17 1992 to 1999 Mauroy successor of Willy Brandt as president of the Socialist International. In 2001, Jacques Delors ' daughter Martine Aubry his successor as mayor of Lille. She had until then been his "right hand".
On June 7, 2013 Mauroy died at the Percy military hospital in Clamart. Already 14 days later the metropolitan area of Lille renamed the Grand Stade Lille Métropole in Villeneuve d'Ascq in Stade Pierre- Mauroy.