Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research

The Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research ( MPS) has its headquarters in Göttingen, Lower Saxony.

Until 2004, the Institute Max Planck Institute for Aeronomy said. It goes back to two predecessor institutions, the

  • Max Planck Institute for Physics of the Stratosphere and the
  • Institute for Ionospheric in the Max Planck Society.

History

The since 1934 at the test site of the Luftwaffe in Rechlin at the Müritz employed Walter Dieminger examined there in the special group the radio propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere. A Ionosphärenbeobachtungsstelle then first arose in Rechlin, from 1940 in Tromso, Kjeller, Meudon, Syracuse and Nikolayev. The stations made ​​continuous measurements with ionosondes and also observed the variations of the geomagnetic field. The staff presented an own air news company whose boss was until the end of 1944 Walter Grotrian. The measurement data of the stations were used from 1940 onwards by a radio forecast and warning service. 1942 all services were summarized in a central location for radio advice under Diem Ingers line, From 1943, the headquarters in Lower Austria Leobersdorf was. The Ried evacuated in autumn 1944 in Innkreis central office was there united with the Fraunhofer Institute at the Reich Office for RF research from Freiburg, whose line Dieminger also took over as acting. After the war, the British explorer William Roy Piggott resulted in late summer 1945, the shift of the core of the device according to Lindau ( resin ) in the British occupation zone, where it received the name Fraunhofer Institute in March 1946 for high frequency research. A research made ​​the British occupation authorities not initially, the Institute produced equipment for sale. In April 1947, the Institute has been assumed as the Fraunhofer Institute radio in the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, the administration of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society and approved the research again. In 1948 the management transferred to the Max Planck Society. In January 1949, it was renamed the Institute for Ionospheric in the administration of the Max Planck Society, in October 1951, the Institute was eventually incorporated as the Institute for Ionospheric in the Max Planck Society fully in the Max Planck Society.

In December 1937, thus retired by the Nazis in his chair of physics at the Technical University of Stuttgart Erich Regener had in Friedrichshafen founded the private Research Centre for Physics of the Stratosphere, but she had to integrate in April 1938 in the Kaiser Wilhelm Society. The recording resolution of the Senate of the Society for the Research Institute for Physics of the Stratosphere in the Kaiser Wilhelm Society was subsequently adopted on 30 May 1938. The Research Centre developed for high-altitude research including a scientific payload for the unit 4 (A4 ) - also known as "V2" known. 1944 due to the war had claimed Weißenau (now Ravensburg ) are laid the Research Centre. In 1949, the Max Planck Society Research Centre, which became the Max Planck Institute for Physics of the Stratosphere 1952. With the appointment of the Göttingen professor Julius Bartels 1955 as the new Director of the Institute shifting the location Lindau am Harz went hand in hand, where the Institute for Ionospheric already been established.

In 1956, the two institutions merged in the Max Planck Institute for Physics of the stratosphere and ionosphere, but within which they remained scientifically independently as part of institutions. In 1958, the Institute of the Max Planck Institute for Aeronomy ( MPAe ) was renamed the Institute of institutions into Ionosphärenphysik and Institute of Physics stratosphere. Dieminger and Bartels were co-directors. After Diem Ingers retirement as the last of the original directors of the sub-institutes were united in 1975 and created a department structure instead.

The research focus has shifted as a result more and more on atmosphere, ionosphere and magnetosphere of extraterrestrial bodies, including the sun's atmosphere, the interplanetary medium and the radiation in all these areas. The highly successful missions of Galileo and SOHO fall into this time. The changes in the context of the reunification with the construction of new Max Planck Institute in the new countries forced the closure of institutes in the old countries of which at first also the Institute for Aeronomy should be concerned. However Among other things, the already promised cooperation in the framework of the Rosetta mission were an argument against the complete closure. In 1997, the Max Planck Society decided for the Institute for Aeronomy a focus on solar and planetary physics and a partial closure of the Institute with a medium-term reduction from four to two directors with the upcoming retirements in 2004 and 2007. In 2004, the Max - Planck Institute for Aeronomy in adapting to the changing tasks in the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research renamed.

In December 2009, the decision was taken that the MPS 2014 is moving to Göttingen.

Projects

  • AZUR - Project management for the first German satellite
  • DISLIN - A graphics library for displaying scientific data
  • Sunrise - A telescope to observe the Sun
Basic research Natural science Astronomy Sami Solanki Mykolaiv V-2 rocket Galileo (spacecraft) Rosetta (spacecraft) Azur (satellite) Sunrise (telescope) Integrated Authority File
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