Mayon Volcano
The Mayon on 13 December 2006
Pyroclastic flows during the eruption of Mayon on September 23, 1984
Location of Mayon in Albay province, Bicolbdep2
The 2462 -meter-high Mayon is an active volcano in the Philippines, about 330 kilometers east of the capital, Manila. It is located in the Bicol region on the southeastern foothills of the main island of Luzon near the town of Legazpi and the municipality of Daraga.
Location and construction
The Mayon is located west of the Philippine Trench, a subduction zone, where the Philippine and bathes the Eurasian Plate. The upper slopes of andesitic lava and pyroclastics composed of stratovolcano have inclinations of 35 to 40 °. The 100 -meter-deep crater has a diameter of 500 meters. Because of its almost perfectly shaped cone he is often referred to as the most beautiful volcano world.
Outbreaks
The Mayon erupted in the last 400 years from over 50 times and is the most active volcano in the Philippines far. Eruptions during the past 300 years have focused on the southeast slope, so that the South and the eastern slopes are bare and the other slopes are covered with vegetation. Cause is the Bonga Gully, a deepened in the southeast of the summit ravine. In it, the ejected material of the summit crater collects. If the capacity of the gorge is exhausted or more eruptions cause shocks to glowing clouds and pyroclastic flows plunge down the southeast slope.
The most devastating outbreak occurred on February 1, 1814. At that time 1,200 people were killed, mostly by pyroclastic flows and lahars. The town of Cagsawa was destroyed. Further eruptions that demanded a high number of casualties, were in the years 1897 (about 350 deaths by ash fall, pyroclastic flows and lahars ) and 1993 (75 people killed by pyroclastic flows ).
In August 2006, about 40,000 people from the area of the volcano were temporarily evacuated after it had come to ash eruptions and lava since the departure of the previous month. The eruptions subsided in September; Beginning of October 2006 ended the Lavaaustritt.
On the night of December 1, 2006 triggered torrential rains of Typhoon Durian huge mud flows, so-called cold lahars from. 1266 people died or are missing since then. Already in June 1981 at least 200 people had been killed by cold lahars.
In December 2009, 47,000 people were evacuated for three weeks. This was due to ash eruptions of Mayon, which began in September 2009 and increase in December. In addition, lava came out.
Tourists and guides, including three German - - On the morning of May 7th 2013, at least five people were on Mayon by falling rocks killed. The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology considered that this activity of the volcano as a phreatic explosion and took of a warning of an eruption of magma discharge distance. Nevertheless, the public was warned before entering a six- kilometer-wide security zone, as was any time to expect such outbreaks.
The area around the Mayon was declared in 2000, Mayon Volcano National Park covering an area of 58 km ².