Medang Kingdom

A kingdom of Mataram in Central Java, Indonesia, between the 8th and 10th century AD It was founded by King Sanjaya. He was also known as the founder of the Sanjaya dynasty. She ruled the kingdom, later it was replaced by the Isyana Dynasty. Although the Sanjaya dynasty originally came to power by the rival Sailendra Dynasty, it was around 850 the dominant power in Java and was a serious rival to the hegemony of Srivijaya Empire.

The origin and history

The early records of the Kingdom of Mataram can be found in the Canggal inscription, dated 732, which was discovered in the village southwest of the city of Magelang Canggal. This inscription is written in Vatteluttu alphabet and in Sanskrit; she speaks of the establishment of a Lingga ( a symbol of Shiva) on the hill in the area of " Kunjarakunja ". This area is on a noble island called " Yawadwipa " (Java) to look for that is preferred by the presence of gold and rice cultivation. This inscription reported that Yawadwipa is ruled by a king named Sanna, whose long reign of wisdom and virtue is characterized. After the death of Sanna decomposes the kingdom. Confused by the loss of the ruler and patron, Sanjaya ascends the throne. He was the son of Sannaha, the sister Sanna. He was a king who knew the Scriptures, the martial art mastered and was militarily successful. He conquered neighboring areas around his kingdom; his wise reign cared for peace and prosperity in the kingdom for all ..

The kings Sanna and Sanjaya are also mentioned in Carita Parahyangan, a book from a later period, which tells the story of Pasundan essentially, a kingdom in the West Javanese Sunda region. This book mentioned that Sanna was of Purbasora king of Galuh combated. He then retired to Mount Merapi. Later Sanna's successor Sanjaya claimed Sanna's kingdom and ruled West Java, East Java and Bali. He has also been involved in fights with the Malay Kingdom and Keling ( against their king Sang Srivijaya ). The main theme of Carita Parahyangan corresponds to the Canggal inscription.

Since the time of its foundation 928, the kingdom was ruled by the Sanjaya dynasty. The first king of Mataram was Sanjaya, who left stone inscriptions. However, little is known about the kingdom of that time, because of the dominance of the Sailendra dynasty. The Kingdom of left several temples and monuments. The monumental Hindu temple of Prambanan in the vicinity of Yogyakarta, which was built during the era of Hindu Mataram, is a fine example of the old Mataram art and architecture. The large temple complex was Trimurti ( Shiva, Brahma, Vishnu) dedicated to the three highest gods of the Hindu pantheon. He was the largest Hindu temple ever built in Indonesia, a statement of the immense wealth and cultural progress in this kingdom.

Shift eastward

At an unknown date, the center of the kingdom of King Mpu sindok of Central Java was shifted to East Java. He founded the Isyana Dynasty. The exact cause of the shift is still unknown. It was probably caused by an eruption of Merapi volcano, or as a result of a power struggle. The future King Dharmawangsa commissioned in the year 996, the translation of the Mahabharata in the altjavanische language.

Collapse

The kingdom broke at the end of Dharmawangsas reign under military pressure along the part of Srivijaya. Airlangga, a son of King Udayana of Bali and a relative of Dharmawangsa, the kingdom including Bali built under the new name Kahuripan. 1045 thanked Airlangga off to devote his life to asceticism. He divided the kingdom between his sons Jangala and Kediri. From this point on, the kingdom under the name of Kediri was known.

List of rulers

  • Sanjaya ( 835-838 )
  • Pikatan ( 838-850 )
  • Kayuwangi ( 850-898 ​​)
  • Bali Tung ( 898-910 )
  • Daksu ( 910-919 )
  • Tulodong ( 919-924 )
  • Wawa ( 924-929 )
  • Mpu sindok ( 929-947 )
  • Sri Isyana Tunggawijaya ( 947-985 )
  • Dharmawangsa (985-1006)
Lingga Island Hinduism Pantheon (gods)
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