Names of Seoul

Seoul ( 서울 Kor., Korean pronunciation: [ sʌ.ul ] listen / i, anglicized pronunciation: [ soʊl ] ) is the name of the largest city of the Korean Peninsula and the capital of South Korea. In various transcriptions now use it all the major languages ​​of the world.

Seoul is both the German name of the city (formerly written Sŏul and Seoul ) and the Korean name as revised Romanization (RR).

Today's name

Chinese

( Chinese首 尔/首 尔Pinyin), which the Government of the People's Republic of China took over in October 2005 after a on 18 January 2005 announced by Mayor Lee Myung -bak in Seoul resolution adopted by its government is called the city on high Chinese Shǒu'ěr. Shǒu'ěr as phonetic transcription of Seoul, Korea in phonetics of standard Chinese is not a traditional sinokoreanischer or Chinese name, but a Korean re-creation of the 21st century, in a competition of over a thousand proposals as Shǒuwǔ'ěr (首 午 尔), Shǒuwò ( 首 沃) or Zhongjing (中 京) was selected.

German

The German name of the city corresponds to the Korean and is now written Seoul.

Previously, the spellings Sŏul and Seoul were common. Sŏul is the romanization of the Korean name after the inscription to George M. McCune and Edwin O. Reischauer partly still in use today; Seoul is the transliteration of the name after both a now unusual system of the German-speaking countries as well as Gale.

German pronunciation

In dictionaries the strongly deviating from the Korean pronunciation Pronunciation [ seu ː l] is specified. However, the pronunciation of the name, as in Korea is common.

English

In English, the spelling Seoul has long been established and has been used already before the creation of Umschriftsysteme McCune - Reischauer and RR.

Although the present case corresponds to the Latin transliteration of the Korean name ( Seoul: 서 → seo, 울 → ul ) under the system established in 2000 RR, which until then official romanization Sŏul replaced in South Korea, but met much earlier, probably as a simplification the French Missionarsumschrift Se - oul ( 서 → se 울 → oul ).

English pronunciation

The Korean pronunciation of the word or the soul accordingly.

Japanese

In Japanese usedソウル( so'uru ) as katakana transliteration of the Korean name.

Korean

Seoul is the romanization of the Korean name ( Seoul: 서 → seo, 울 → ul ) after the official Korean romanization system, which revised the Ministry of Culture in 2000. The official Korean name is Special City of Seoul ( 서울 특별시, 서울 特别 市, Seoul teukbyeolsi ).

Unlike most place names, which today often with Sino Korean ( Chinese written language borrowed ) Sememen are formed, Seoul is a purely Korean name - so there are no Hanjaschreibung for the name, but only for the addition of " special city " (特别 市, teukbyeolsi ).

The word meant to seoul German "capital", but for several decades usually no longer used in this sense, but only in relation to the city. In compound words the Sino Korean gyeong ( 경 ,京, also the "capital ") is used.

Korean pronunciation

The Korean pronunciation (depending on the speaker [ sɔ.ul ], etc.) of the name Seoul is similar to the English word soul ( "soul" ):

Seoul is composed of the syllables seo and ul, so do not "se - oul " is pronounced. That s the voice is silent (as in " Mars "). The e and o are not pronounced separately, but together as the "o" in "open" ( the two letters together to rewrite a single letter in the Korean original orthography ). The u and l are pronounced as in English, as in " chair ". The first syllable ( Seo ) is emphasized as with almost all Korean words.

Previous names

Many Korean cities have a similar name eventful history as Seoul; often called a name depending on the time different cities.

The name Wirye is associated with discovered in the Olympic Park settlement residues; however, it is not clear to what extent and where it has actually given Wirye and if the name has referred to an attachment ( 위례성 ,慰 礼 城, Wiryeseong ).

In the Silla period it was called Hanyang ( 한양 ,汉阳).

In the Goryeo period, it was called Namgyeong ( 남경 ,南京, " southern capital ").

The seat of government was moved several times for a short time from the north-west of Seoul in North Korea today located Kaesong to Seoul. During the Joseon Dynasty, Seoul was finally capital and was named Hanseong ( 한성 ,汉城).

During the time when Korea was a province of Japan, Japanese was the official language of the province. Officially, therefore, was the name of the city 1910-1945 Keijo (Japanese京城). In this Korean Kanji Gyeongseong ( 경성 ) were adopted. In 1900 the Seoul Station was opened under that name. During the Goryeo Dynasty, the name Gyeongseong designated However, the above-mentioned today Kaesong.

After the 2nd World War the Japanese name was uncommon and only Seoul and Hanseong were still needed. On August 15, 1946, the first anniversary of the end of Japanese rule, the name was officially changed from Gyeongseong to Seoul.

Unlike Gyeongseong the names and Hanyang Hanseong are often used in proper names of restaurants or the like.

By 2005, the city was called on Chinese hancheng (汉城/汉城), which could also mean " Chinese city ". This is the high Chinese phonetics of characters of the last name Hanseong Sino Korean (汉城) before the name change by the Japanese.

Spellings

Spellings for the official Korean name Special City of Seoul are listed in the table at the beginning of the article Seoul.

Swell

• Seoul
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