Navi Mumbai
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Navi Mumbai ( Marathi: नवी मुंबई, Navi Mumbai, German: " New Mumbai ", to 1995, New Bombay ) is a city in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It was created in 1971 as planned scale satellite city of Mumbai (formerly Bombay ) in the district of Thane. With a population of around 1.1 million ( census 2011) it is the largest modern planned city in the world.
Geography
Navi Mumbai lies on the eastern shore of Thane Creek, a Mündungsarms the river Ulhas, which separates the location on an island metropolis of Mumbai from the mainland, north to about 19.02 degrees latitude and 73.02 degrees east longitude. The 343.7 -square-kilometer city area covers 95 former villages. It stretches for almost 40 kilometers along the marshy shore of Thane Creek of Dighe in the north to the south Nagaon. In the east, some low foothills of the Western Ghats border the city. On the western edge of the ridge extending over 10 km several quarries that provide plenty of building material. Two other estuaries, Panvel Creek and Paloje Creek, separate Navi Mumbai into a northern and a southern part. Building is mainly the north, where there are the most important residential, industrial and commercial areas. The city center is located in the Central Business District ( CBD) Belapur. The urban area is divided into manageable numbered " Districts ", which led to the fact that here, too, forming slums not be too large and remain better than in neighboring Mumbai controllable.
History
In February 1959, Commission of the Government of the former State of Bombay suggested (now Maharashtra ) in front of a road and railway bridge of Bombay (now Mumbai) to build over the Thane Creek and thus to connect the city to the eastern mainland. Thus, not only the transport routes of the metropolis should be relieved, but in the longer term, new residential and industrial areas are developed on the mainland opposite the city proper, rural. In the years 1965 and 1966 concrete development plans for the area to be tapped were developed.
1970 was finally made the final decision to merge the villages lying on the mainland to a new community and decentralized develop into a modern city called New Bombay. For this purpose, the State Government of Maharashtra bought in February 1970 private land in 86 rural communities on the eastern shore of Thane Creek. On March 17, 1970, she founded the City and Industrial Development Corporation of Maharashtra Limited ( CIDCO ), which a year later was entrusted with the planning and execution of the project New Bombay. Starting from a plurality of nodes New Bombay should be developed for a population of two million people. In 1973 the city was expanded by the inclusion of nine other villages on its current size. 1995 New Bombay got its current name Navi Mumbai.
While virtually acted as sole support of urban development in the first two decades CIDCO, give private investors the city since the liberalization of the Indian economy in 1991 to further boost growth. The results of all decennial censuses show that the number of inhabitants between 1991 and 2001 from 307 724 to 703 947 more than doubled. 2007 exceeded Navi Mumbai's population for the first time the one million mark.
Economy
Navi Mumbai is not only designed as a residential city, but also as an economic growth center. About two-thirds of the working population is employed today in the city itself. The economic development of today's urban area began in the late 1960s with the establishment of chemical industry ( petrochemicals, agrochemicals, thermoplastic resins, dyes), now in addition to the electrical industry, mechanical engineering, pharmaceutical manufacturing and wholesale distribution of one of the economic pillars Navi Mumbai is. Information technology centers International Infotech Park, International Technology Centre, Millennium Business Park and Airoli Knowledge Park are among the largest of its kind in India. Also located in Navi Mumbai one of the largest special economic zones in the country.
Infrastructure
Navi Mumbai is connected only by two bridges Mumbai. The Vashi Bridge, which is used by both motor vehicles as well as the railroad was completed in 1973. Followed in 1999, the only passable for motor vehicles Airoli Bridge in the north of the city. The road network is well developed and connected to the National Highway between Mumbai and Pune. The substantial commuting to Mumbai and Thane is overcome by suburban trains and buses. The capacity of the congested rail lines to be removed. A regular ferry service between Navi Mumbai and Colaba at the southern tip of Mumbai by hovercraft failed because of the high costs.
The Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport International Airport is located north of Mumbai. In the south of Navi Mumbai is the port Nhava Sheva ( Jawaharlal Nehru Port ), which is one of the largest seaports of India.