Nepabunna, South Australia
- 30.581666666667138.97944444444Koordinaten: 30 ° 35 ' S, 138 ° 59' O Nepabunna The Community Council is a Local Government Area ( LGA) in the Australian state of South Australia and has the special status of an Aboriginal community. The area is about 76 km ² and has 49 inhabitants ( 2006). This Nepabunna is the LGA with the fewest inhabitants in South Australia. However, the Aborigines are often not bound to a fixed place of residence, so that at times far more people live in Nepabunna.
Nepabunna located in the eastern outback of the State in a high level of Gammon Ranges in the northern Flinders Ranges. It is located on the southwestern end of the Vulkathunha -Gammon Ranges National Park and north of the Nantawarrina - reserve. The settlement of Aboriginal, approximately 55 kilometers east of Leigh Creek and 480 kilometers north of Adelaide.
History
The area around the Flinders Ranges from Lake Torrens in the west to today's border with New South Wales was inhabited by the tribes of the Adnyamathanha - Aboriginal ( Adnyamathanha means "people of the hills ") before settled the first white settlers in the area from 1851. The United Aborigines Mission ( UAM ) in 1930 founded a mission station in Nepabunna. Like many other tribal areas of the natives in South Australia was also the area around Nepabunna 1966 transferred to the Aboriginal Lands Trust ( ALT). In the 70s, then was there a settlement of the natives.
1994 Nepabunna eventually. According to the South Australian Local Government Grants Act to one of five Local Government Areas with special status In April 2001, the community of the Local Government Association in which all regular LGAs and the only Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Aboriginal community are represented at an extraordinary member.
Nature and Tourism
In the late 90s was to discuss how they could absorb the territories of indigenous peoples in the National Reserve System, the system of nature reserves in the country. 1997 the concept of Indigenous Protected Area was introduced, a protected area administered by the indigenous people who take care of there both to biodiversity and cultural heritage. The first area in Australia, the traditional territory of the Adnyamathanha was south of the Vulkathunha -Gammon Ranges National Park, south-east of Nepabunna appointed IPA and placed under the administration of the Community Nepabunna on 26 August 1998. The Nantawarrina area is 590 km ² and was pulled through the use as pasture and ausgewilderte animals such as rabbits, cats, goats and donkeys affected. With new plantings and containment of imported animals try the Aborigines to restore the land. In addition, they use the traditional cultural sites not only for the continuation of their own heritage, in five km westerly of Iga Warta Nepabunna there is tourist accommodation and there are tours available that bring visitors closer and nature, history and culture of the area. The establishment of the IPA Nantawarrina jobs for the residents of Nepabunna were created and strengthened the sense of community. The Natawarrina project was awarded in 2000 in the framework of the United Nations ( UNEP) environmental program.
Air and water
Nepabunna is located in a very warm and dry area. In the summer of 40 ° C are usually achieved in the winter during the day up to 17 ° C with occasional night frost. Rainfall in the region are sparse, on average about 200 mm per year, and do not fall evenly, but in occasional large showers. The inhabitants of the settlement collect rainwater from the roofs in a large storage container and use it as drinking water. There are also two wells that supply Nepabunna with industrial water. Due to its high salt content and other impurities, it is not to be used as drinking water. The increasing drought in Australia since 1990 has led to a shrinking of the precipitation amounts to 50 % to 70 % of the long-term average and represents a threat to the existence of the outback settlement
Agriculture
Despite the drought and a devastating plague of locusts, it is the mid-2000s have been able to begin the cultivation of a variety of fruits, including desert raisins ( Akudjuras ) and Tanami Apples ( both bush tomato species), native bush oranges and cucumbers.
Furthermore, are held in the community but also horses. They are used in tourism horseback riding.
Management
Since there are traditional social structures and characterized by the tribe affiliation processes for decision making in the five Aboriginal communities that could not be used, as used in the local government areas of the white population management system. Having recognized the local self-government in five areas and from 1994 /95, the financial resources of the communities from the budget of the SA Local Government Grants Commission has been granted, had to be adapted and the administration to the new requirements and demands in consideration of these circumstances. In 2001, the representatives of the Nepabunna community agreed to participate as a pioneer in establishing a framework for community management. Result of the Framework for Governance Project was a determination for Nepabunna that provides a Council of the adult members of the community, which is led by five elected executive officers responsible.