Nymphula nitidulata
Nymphula nitidulata
The Wasserzünsler or Binsenzünsler ( nymphula nitidulata, syn. Nymphula stagnata ) is a (small) butterfly of the family Crambidae.
Features
The moths reach a wingspan of 15-22 mm in males and 18-25 mm in females. The basic color of the front and hind wings is white. Proximal and Distallinie the forewings are pale brown and fused by a short transverse line in the upper third. The proximal, distal and transverse lines are edged with dark brown on both sides. The Distallinie runs very obliquely from about 2 /3 of Costalrandes to the interior angle. The Submarginallinie is bent and merges above the inner angle with the Distallinie. The Submarginalbereich is edged with yellow and dark inside. The hind wings have a dark brown streak-like Proximallinie and an equally colored Diskozellularfleck. The Distallinie is edged pale brown and dark brown inside. The Submarginalbereich is edged with yellow and dark inside.
In the male the uncus is long and slender. The Gnathos is long and has on the dorsal side distal to a very small tooth. The Valven are oval and have a very hairy Anellifer. The juxtaposition is roundish. The aedeagus is curved and provided with a terminal, leaf -shaped cornutus. The bulb ejaculatoris opens about one in the middle of the aedeagus.
In females, the Oviscapter is relatively short and has moderately long apophyses. The posterior Apophyses are dilated significantly at the base. The ductus bursae is quite long and has a strong, broad Colliculum. The ductus bursae widens in the direction of the corpus bursae and flows off-center in this. The sign is made of two weak, parallel, sclerotized ridges of different lengths.
The young caterpillars are initially almost colorless. Head and Prothorakalschild are blackish. The digestive tract quickly assumes a greenish-gray color and is easily visible through the semi-transparent skin. The adult caterpillars have a small, flat head, which is pale brown and transparent. The prothorax is yellow or olive yellow and occasionally provided with a few brown speckles. At the rear edge there is a brown transverse line. The rest of the body shines dark or olive green. The transparent digestive tract is dark olive color. The abdominal legs are complete, biordinal - circular hook wreaths, whose caudal half is greatly enlarged.
The doll is moderately slender. She shines dark yellow and mottled light orange yellow. The legs do not reach the end of the abdomen. The cremaster has a downwardly curved, hook-like bristle.
Dissemination
Nymphula nitidulata is widely used in Europe and is found from northern Spain east to Russia. In the north, the range extends up to the British Isles and to the north of Sweden and Finland. In southern Europe, the species is found up to the middle of Italy and the Balkan Peninsula, there occurs only sporadically in appearance. You missing on the Mediterranean islands and Greece. In the east, the range extends to at least the Chentej region of Mongolia. The eastern limit of distribution is not known exactly in Russia. In the Asian part of Russia the way in Minusinsk and Ulan-Ude was detected.
In the Far East the Palaearctic region replaced nymphula distinctalis ( Ragonot, 1894) the species described here, the westernmost deposit is located in Mongolia, where N. nitidulata be found. A common occurrence of both species ( sympatry ) has not yet been determined. In older detecting N. nitidulata in Transbaikalia is N. distinctalis.
The Wasserzünsler lives in quiet, standing or slow- flowing water bodies such as streams, rivers and lakes with abundant riparian vegetation.
Biology
Nymphula nitidulata is one generation per year. The moths fly from June to August, according to another source of May to September. During the day, hidden in the vegetation, but can be easily startle. They are crepuscular and nocturnal and fly low over the water and on the shore vegetation and come out at night to artificial light sources. Eggs are laid in clusters on the caterpillar food plants just above the water. The caterpillars are found from August. You nate first in the leaves of Ästigen hedgehog piston ( Sparganium erectum ), and the simple hedgehog piston ( Sparganium simplex), partly under water. Next are mentioned in the literature on caterpillars food plants: Flowering rush ( Butomus umbellatus ), water vapors ( Glyceria maxima), pondweed ( Potamogeton ) and bulrushes ( Eleocharis ). On the website " Northumberland Moths " also is mentioned as a caterpillar food plant nor the yellow water lily (Nuphar lutea).
The caterpillars hibernate until around May; then they feed on young shoots. You live in an on the water surface, from leaf parts together spun cocoon. They pupate in a white cocoon that is attached to the blade parts.
System
The taxon was described in 1767 by Johann Siegfried Hufnagel as Phalaena nitidulata first time scientifically. This description but was overlooked for a long time and so in 1806 the name came Phalaena stagnata Donovan, in use. The species was later transferred to the genus nymphula and can be found as nymphula stagnata up in the recent literature.
From the literature, the following synonyms are known:
- Phalaena nitidulata Hufnagel, 1767
- Phalaena Pyralis potamogalis Hübner, 1793
- Phalaena stagnata Donovan, 1806
- Hydrocampa stagnalis Guenée, 1854