Page numbering

Pagination is the pagination of a document, usually in the head or below or in the footer. Reported figures are often placed in the center or outside ( single sided documents so center or right ). In addition, the page number can be also supplemented by the page number ( the total number of pages). In the chapter numbering the page numbering with each new chapter begins.

For documents and manuscripts we speak instead of foliation, the so-called sheet numbering.

Paging

The numbers on certain pages, such as the table of contents, title, start of new chapters or major sections or the bibliography are omitted for reasons of aesthetics. Furthermore, this is common in fiction on the last and therefore usually not completely filled with text page of the book; this also applies to the pages of the chapter ends when the text is not more than a third of the page fills (so-called Spitz columns ). On blank pages, so blank pages, the page number is omitted.

Pagination can also manually for loose-leaf binders (eg files, laboratory notebooks, exercise books, etc.). The manual pagination is facilitated by the Paginierstempel.

For larger plants you meet sometimes a separation in a previous part with Roman and a body with Arabic numerals. The separation can be started already with the main part and the indexing of keywords, while the publisher (it is not yet known the exact length ) nor preface or introduction waits. With modern computer technology this may be unnecessary, but from tradition or other reasons, the separation is still made. So it makes sense if an old plant with a new introduction reprint, because then you can still be cited from the old page numbers.

The consecutive numbering of registry files is often referred to as Quadrangel.

Envelope

The sides of an envelope are not provided with a page number. Rather, one refers to the manufacturing process of a four-sided envelope to the following designations:

• U1: exterior front, one side of the envelope ( engl. outside front cover, OFC)
• U2: inner front, second side of the envelope ( engl. inside front cover, IFC)
• U3: inner rear, third side of the envelope ( engl. inside back cover, IBC)
• U4: outer rear, fourth side of the envelope ( engl. outside back cover, OBC)

The sheet numbering

The foliation ( sheet numbering) of manuscripts does not count the pages, but the leaves. The number is usually indicated on the respective leaf top right.

When quoting the page number is called and distribution on the front and back: A front, lat recto, is with # at the sheet number appended or superscript r or a designated as # r or # r and # a or # a, ie z. B. 10r or 10r; a back, Latin verso is accordingly reported with # v or # v and # b or # b, eg 10v or 10v.

The sheet numbering 10v or 10v therefore corresponds to the page numbering page 20, if the manuscript has a page numbering and this starts from the front of the first page of the manuscript.

Print marks

Furthermore, pages can be marked with print marks. Print marks are used to control the pressure by color, position, and quality and are usually cropped. In historical prints, they are usually still present, mainly curators and arc signatures to facilitate the bookbinder working in the collation.