Peasant
As a farm worker employed are referred to in agriculture, that have no agricultural land and offer their labor for wages available.
While the importance of this state in Western Europe and North America since the mid-20th century decreases, it includes in East Asia and Latin America, large parts of the population and involves increasingly social fuel. In South America, the transition between rural workers and small farmers is fluid and led by the growing indebtedness of the latter from 1980 to the emergence of countless landless movements (eg, the MST in Brazil).
Throughout the 20th century and to this day Mexican Americans have played a significant role in California agriculture. In the United States succeeded in the United Farm Workers union in the 1960s under the leadership of Cesar Chavez to organize successfully in large scale agricultural workers.
In Spain, a number of African migrants, often employed illegally residence permit in agriculture. In February 2000, it came in the Andalusian town of El Ejido to racist abuse against Moroccan workers.
" Germany led in 1991 to the status of the seasonal worker in agriculture, forestry and hotel sector a. These bilateral agreements with Poland, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Croatia, Slovenia and Bulgaria were closed. The employment contracts are limited to three months. "
Bibliography
Generally
- Bernd Kölling: family economy and class formation. Agricultural workers in the labor dispute: The Pomeranian east of the Elbe and the North Italian Lomellina 1901-1921. SH -Verlag, Vierow at Greifswald 1996, Hardcover.
Germany
- Franz Rehbein: The life of a farm worker. Christians, Hamburg 1985 ( Unchanged reprint of the 1911 edition edited by Paul Göhre Diederichs Verlag)
- Michael Pollak: A text in its context: Max Weber's analysis of the living conditions of East Prussian farm workers. In: Austrian Journal of Sociology. 2005, Volume 30, Issue 1 pp. 3-21.
- Max Weber: The location of the farm workers in the east of the Elbe Germany (1892 ), Mohr (Paul Siebeck ), Tübingen, 1984; ISBN 3-16-544862-0 (very detailed for the 19th century. According to provinces )
- René meadow: farm workers in Mecklenburg in the 19th century, in: Yearbook of research on the history of the labor movement, Issue II/2003.
Spain
- Hartwig Berger, Manfred Hessler, Barbara Kaveman: " bread for today, hunger for tomorrow ": farm workers in southern Spain; a social report. Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main 1978.
- Silvia DiNatale: The Andalusian farm workers. History, life world and strategies for action. Leske and Budrich, Opladen 1994.
USA
- Camille Guerin - Gonzales: Mexican Workers and American Dreams: Immigration, Repatriation, and Californian Farm Labor, 1900-1939. Rutger UP, 1994, ISBN 0-8135-2048-7.
- Philip L. Martin: Promise Unfulfilled: Unions, Immigration, and the Farm Workers Cornell UP, 2003, ISBN 0-8014-8875-3 (ILR Press Books, Paperback ).
- Patrick H. Mooney: Farmers ' and Farm Workers' Movements: Social Protest in American Agriculture. Twayne, 1994, ISBN 0-8057-3870-3.
- Rick Nahmias: The Migrant Project: Contemporary California Farm Workers. University of New Mexico Press, 2008, ISBN 0-8263-4407-0, Paperback, photo book with a foreword by Dolores Huerta.
- Emiel W. Owens: Peacocks of the Fields: The Working Lives of Migrant Workers Farms. AuthorHouse, 2008, ISBN 1 - 4259-9766 -X, paperback edition.