Peltigerales
Dandruff Hundsflechte ( Peltigera praetextata )
The Peltigerales are an order of ascomycetes ( Ascomycota ) and comprise mainly lichen -forming species.
Features
The Peltigerales have multiform thalli. At the bottom they form rhizines, root -like structures. The ascospores are mostly frequently septate, colorless or brown. The asci are multilayered. The paraphyses are predominantly unbranched and free.
The representatives of the order form both double ( a photobiont ) and three times (two photobiont ) symbioses. Cyanobacteria ( Nostoc, Scytonema, Dichotrix rarely ) occur throughout the thallus, if they are the only photobiont, or as a secondary photobiont in special structures ( cephalodia ). In the latter case, green algae are the primary photobiont ( Coccomyxa, Dictyochloropsis, Myrmecia ). Chlorophyceae - green algae as the sole photobiont are rare. For triple symbioses of Mykobiont may form a separate, delimited thallus, but not the only houses the cyanobacterial partner, the green algae partners.
They produce a variety of secondary ingredients, especially triterpenoids.
Dissemination
The Peltigerales are distributed worldwide. The Lobariaceae have their main range in the southern hemisphere, while the other families preferably occur in the northern hemisphere. They grow on different ground: mosses, rocks, soil, tree bark. They usually occur on moist to wet forest sites.
System
The Peltigerales are a monophyletic group. It is divided into two also monophyletic suborders. The Peltigerales include the following families ( with selected genera and species ):
- Subordination Peltigerineae Lobariaceae with four genera Lobaria True Lungenflechte ( Lobaria pulmonaria )
- Peltigera Apfelflechte ( Peltigera aphtosa )
- Peltigera leucophlebia
- Peltigera polydactyla
- Dandruff Hundsflechte ( Peltigera praetextata )
- Safranflechte ( Solorina crocea )
- Sackflechte ( Solorina saccata )
- Coccocarpiaceae with five genera
- Collemataceae with eight genera Collema