Philadelphus
Mock orange ( Philadelphus × virginalis )
The pipes shrubs ( Philadelphus ) form a species-rich genus in the family of hydrangea plants ( Hydrangeaceae ). The species of this genus are native primarily in North America and East Asia. In Europe 's best-known representative is the Ordinary mock orange ( Philadelphus coronary ), which is also like many other plant species called mock orange. Some members of the genus are planted in parks and gardens.
Description
It is almost always to erect shrubs, rarely to climbing woody plants. There are both deciduous such as evergreen species.
The always opposite, short -stalked foliage leaves mostly go from the leaf base three or five distinct nerves to the front. The leaf margin may be whole or sawn. There are no stipules present.
The hermaphrodite flowers, which are formed in this year's wood, stand in paniculate, racemose or zymösen inflorescences, rarely alone. The most four-fold, sometimes five petals are white or cream-colored, sometimes tinged at the base a little reddish. There are 20-40 stamens with yellow or whitish anthers ( anthers ) in each flower. The stamens sit in a tight circle on the circular ring-shaped floral axis that surrounds the entire ovary; at the base they are often grown a little. The flowers exude in many species a more or less intense fruity odor, which has " mock orange " earned them the common name " mock orange " and the English names.
It is made a fruit capsule which opens with four or five doors.
Dissemination
They are found in North and Central America, and in Asia from East Asia over the Himalayas, the Caucasus down to the southeast Mediterranean. But spread focuses on America and East Asia.
The majority of the species grows in thickets or as undergrowth in mixed forests on mountain slopes.
Systematics and etymology
The pipes shrubs ( Philadelphus ) are a genus of the family of hydrangea plants ( Hydrangeaceae ). There she is assigned to the subfamily Hydrangeoideae Tribus Philadelpheae. It was established by Carl Linnaeus in his work Species Plantarum. The scientific genus name Philadelphus can be traced back to the Egyptian king Ptolemy II. He was surnamed Philadelphus (from the Greek philein = love and adelphos = brother, sister). The name Pfeifenstrauch stems from the fact that the marrow inside of the branches can be easily removed so that children can be produced therefrom pipes.
The genus contains about 70 species Philadelphus (selection):
- Philadelphus affinis Schltdl.
- Philadelphus austromexicanus S.Y.Hu
- Philadelphus bifidus ( C.L.Hitchc. ) S.Y.Hu
- Philadelphus brachybotrys ( Koehne ) Koehne
- Philadelphus calvescens ( Rehder ) S. M. Hwang
- Philadelphus caudate S.M.Hwang
- European mock orange ( Philadelphus coronary L.)
- Philadelphus coulteri S.Watson
- Philadelphus dasycalyx ( Rehder ) S.Y.Hu
- Philadelphus delavayi L.Henry
- Philadelphus glabripetalus S.Y.Hu
- Philadelphus henryi Koehne
- Philadelphus hitchcockianus S.Y.Hu
- Later, mock orange ( Philadelphus incanus Koehne )
- Philadelphus kansuensis ( Rehder ) S.Y.Hu
- Philadelphus karwinskyanus Koehne
- Philadelphus kunmingensis S.M.Hwang
- Philadelphus laxiflorus Rehder
- Philadelphus lushuiensis T.C.Ku & S.M.Hwang
- Philadelphus maculatus ( C.L.Hitchc. ) S.Y.Hu
- Philadelphus madrensis Hemsl.
- Philadelphus mearnsii W.H.Evans ex Rydb.
- Mexican mock orange ( Philadelphus mexicanus Schltdl. ), An evergreen shrub with creamy white, highly fragrant flowers from Mexico.
- Small-leaf mock orange ( Philadelphus microphyllus A. Gray ), a small shrub native to the southwestern United States.
- Philadelphus myrtoides Bertol.
- Philadelphus oblongifolius S.Y.Hu
- Philadelphus occidentalis A.Nelson
- Philadelphus osmanthus S.Y.Hu
- Philadelphus palmeri Rydb.
- Beijing Mock Orange ( Philadelphus pekinensis Rupr. )
- Philadelphus pringlei S.Y.Hu
- Soft Hairy Mock Orange ( Philadelphus pubescens Loisel. )
- Philadelphus pueblanus S.Y.Hu
- Philadelphus purpurascens ( Koehne ) Rehder
- Philadelphus reevesianus S.Y.Hu
- Philadelphus schrenkii Rupr.
- Philadelphus sericanthus Koehne
- Philadelphus serpyllifolius A.Gray
- Philadelphus subcanus Koehne
- Manchurian mock orange ( Philadelphus tenuifolius Rupr. )
- Philadelphus tetragonus S.M.Hwang
- Philadelphus texensis S.Y.Hu
- Felted mock orange ( Philadelphus tomentosus Wall. G.Don ex )
- Philadelphus tsianschanensis Wang et Li
- Philadelphus zhejiangensis S.M.Hwang
Use
Because of their beautiful, fragrant flowers various species are planted as ornamental shrubs. Most offered plants are hybrids, however, especially between the European Pfeifenstrauch, the Oregon Pfeifenstrauch and the small leafed Pfeifenstrauch.