Photinia

Apple -shaped fruit of David - Photinia ( Photinia davidiana ).

The Photinia ( Photinia ) are a genus of pome fruit crops ( Pyrinae ) in the rose family ( Rosaceae ). The botanical genus name is derived from the Greek word for photeinos shiny and refers to the often shiny leaves.

  • 3.1 ornamental trees
  • 3.2 firebrand
  • 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Photinia species form trees with irregular crown and shrubs reach stature heights of 3 to 15 meters. The branches are thorny in many species. Most species are evergreen, but there are also deciduous species. The change-constant leaves are simple; their size varies depending on the type of between 3 to 15 cm long and 1.5 to 5 cm in width. The leaf margins are smooth or usually slightly toothed. The stipules are often large and leaf-like.

Photinia species form terminal, differently constructed, often doldenrispigen inflorescences. The hermaphrodite, radial symmetry, five petals have a slight hawthorn scent and diameters of 5 to 10 mm. The five green sepals are short. The five petals are often white. There are usually about 20 stamens present. Usually two to five (rarely is only one available) carpels are fused into a semi- inferior ovary.

The small apple-shaped fruit with a size of 4 to 12 mm are formed in large quantities. They ripen in autumn and often continue until well into the winter hanging on the plant. The fruits are used as food birds that excrete the seeds in their droppings and share.

Systematics and distribution

The main distribution area is Asia. About 48 species occur in China, of which about 34 are endemic.

For classical genus Photinia include species that occur in the warm part of Asia from the Himalayas to Japan in the east and India and Thailand to the south. However, some botanists also include the closely related North American species Heteromeles arbutifolia ( C.Presl ) Abrams under the name Photinia arbutifolia it. About six species are often conducted as a separate genus Stranvaesia: Stranvaesia amphidoxa CKSchneider = Photinia amphidoxa ( CKSchneid. ) Rehder & EHWilson, Stranvaesia davidiana Photinia davidiana Decaisne = ( Decne. ) Cardot, Stranvaesia nussia ( Buchanan - Hamilton ex D.Don ) Decaisne = Photinia nussia ( Buch.-Ham. D.Don ex ) Kalkman, Stranvaesia oblanceolata ( Rehder & EHWilson ) Stapf = Photinia oblanceolata, Stranvaesia tomentosa TTYu & TCKu = Photinia tomentosa. Closely related genera are Firethorn ( Pyracantha ), Zwergmispeln ( Cotoneaster ) and hawthorn (Crataegus ).

Synonyms for Photinia Lindl. are Pourthiaea Decne. and Stranvaesia Lindl ..

Types (selection)

There are about 66 species:

Evergreen species

  • Photinia amphidoxa ( CKSchneid. ) Rehder & EHWilson ( Syn: Stranvaesia amphidoxa CKSchneider )
  • Photinia Lindl arguta.
  • Photinia benthamiana Hance ( Syn: Stranvaesia benthamiana ( Hance ) Merr. )
  • Photinia bodinieri H.Lév.
  • David - Photinia, Lorbeermispel ( Photinia davidiana ( Decne. ) Cardot, Syn: Stranvaesia davidiana Decaisne )
  • Photinia david soniae Rehder & E.H.Wilson
  • Japanese Photinia ( Photinia glabra ( Thunb. ) Franch & Sav, Crataegus glabra Thunb, Syn: .. .. Crataegus glabra Thunb, Sorbus glabra ( Thunb. ) Zabel. )
  • Photinia integrifolia Lindl.
  • Photinia nussia ( Buch.-Ham ex D.Don. ) Kalkman ( Syn: .. Pyrus nussia Buch.-Ham ex D.Don, Stranvaesia glaucescens Lindl, Stranvaesia nussia ( Buch.-Ham ex D.Don ) Decne. . )
  • Photinia oblanceolata ( Stranvaesia oblanceolata ( Rehder & EHWilson ) Stapf ),
  • Photinia prionophylla ( Franch. ) C.K.Schneid. ( Syn: Eriobotrya prionophylla Franch. )
  • Sägeblättrige Photinia ( Photinia serratifolia ( Desf. ) Kalkman, syn. Photinia serrulata auct. )
  • Photinia tomentosa ( Stranvaesia tomentosa TTYu & TCKu )

Deciduous species

  • Photinia beauverdiana C.K.Schneid.
  • Photinia glomerata Rehder & EHWilson ( syn. Photinia franchetiana Diels )
  • Photinia parvifolia ( E.Pritz. ) C.K.Schneid. ( Syn: Pourthiaea parvifolia E.Pritz. )
  • Wart or warty Photinia Photinia ( Photinia villosa ( Thunb. ) DC, Syn: .. Crataegus villosa Thunb, Photinia villosa var longipes ined, Pourthiaea villosa ( Thunb. ) Decne, Pourthiaea villosa var longipes Nakai. . )

No longer the genus Photinia include:

  • Photinia Lindl arbutifolia. → Heteromeles arbutifolia ( Lindl. ) M.Roem.
  • Photinia Pyracantha crenatoserrata Hance → crenatoserrata ( Hance ) Rehder
  • Photinia deflexa Hemsl. → Eriobotrya deflexa ( Hemsl. ) Nakai
  • Photinia Lindl dubia. → Eriobotrya dubia ( Lindl. ) Decne.
  • Photinia floribunda ( Lindl. ) KRRobertson & JBPhipps → Aronia × prunifolia (Marshall) Rehder
  • Photinia Photinia glomerata franchetiana Diels → Rehder & EHWilson
  • Photinia melanocarpa ( Michx. ) KRRobertson & JBPhipps → Aronia melanocarpa ( Michx. ) Elliott
  • Photinia pyrifolia ( Lam.) KRRobertson & JBPhipps → Aronia arbutifolia (L. ) Pers.
  • Photinia salicifolia C.Presl → Heteromeles arbutifolia ( Lindl. ) M.Roem.

Use

The fruits of some species are eaten raw or cooked. Plant parts of some species are used medicinally. Plant parts are used for dyeing. The draped branches with fruits of some species are used as Christmas decorations. The very hard wood of some species is used, for example for the production of furniture.

Ornamental trees

Some Photinia species and hybrids are popular ornamental shrubs because of the fruit and leaves. There are numerous varieties and hybrids, some of which are specifically planted their bright red leaves because they have in the spring and summer. Common varieties are:

  • Fraser Photinia ( Photinia × fraseri Dress = P. glabra × P. serratifolia ) is always green: Photinia × fraseri 'Red Robin'
  • Photinia × fraseri ' Camilvy '
  • Photinia × fraseri ' Curly Fantasy'
  • Photinia × fraseri ' Cassini ' ( 'Pink Marble ' ™ )
  • P. davidiana ' Palette' (origin unknown)
  • P. davidiana ' Fructu Luteo ' ( yellow fruit )
  • P. davidiana ' prostrate ' ( a slow-growing variety)

Fire blight

Photinia species are endangered as a pome fruit plants by infection with fire blight and some species are among the main host groups.

The production and commercialization of Photinia davidiana ( " Lorbeermispel / Stranvaesia " ) and Photinia nussia ( " Photinia " ) is prohibited in Switzerland since 1 May 2002.

Swell

In the Flora of China Stranvaesia is still a distinct genus:

  • Flora of China: Photinia.
  • Flora of China: Stranvaesia.
  • Entry at GRIN.
Rosales Spiraeoideae Maleae John Lindley Ovary (botany)
267900
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