Pipistrellus

( Actual ) Common Pipistrelle ( Pipistrellus pipistrellus )

The Common Pipistrelle ( Pipistrellus ) is a bat species from the family of Myotis bats ( Vespertilionidae ). It is one of the taxonomically controversial species and is divided into several subgenera. The world, around 35 species to including an extinct and five European.

Description

As the name suggests, include dwarf bats of the smaller species of Myotis bats. They reach a body length 35-62 mm, a tail length of 25 to 50 millimeters and a weight of 3 to 20 grams. Their fur is usually dark brown or black in color, but there are also red-brown or gray representative. It is characterized by relatively short, broad ears.

Way of life

Pipistrelle bats are found in a variety of habitats, they are found both in open country, in forests and in the mountains. As Sleeps use houses, hollow logs, caves and much more. In general, they are less sociable than other Myotis bats, many species are solitary or found in small groups of up to 12 animals. They usually go early in the evening in search of food, sometimes even in broad daylight. The species in cooler regions hibernate or migrate to warmer areas.

The food of the dwarf bats consists mainly of insects, which they capture in flight.

Once or twice a year, the female gives birth after 40 to 60 -day gestation period one to two pups, with twin births are more common than in other bats. Females of many species form maternity roosts in which they retire for the birth and rearing of young.

The types

The systematics of the dwarf bats is still largely unclear. The approximately 35 species are divided into five subgenera. The former subgenus Hypsugo, which also includes the local Alps bat belongs is now mostly run as an independent genus. The subgenus Scotozous is sometimes considered as a separate genus. The subgenera Vespadelus and Neoromicia, sometimes also attributed to the dwarf bats are, in most classifications assigned to the broad wing bats ( Eptesicus ).

Subgenus Pipistrellus

  • Pipistrellus abramus in East and Southeast Asia
  • Pipistrellus aegyptius is widespread throughout northern Africa.
  • Pipistrellus aero lives in northwestern Kenya and possibly in Ethiopia. It is considered endangered.
  • The Sri Lanka Pipistrelle ( Pipistrellus ceylonicus ) is widespread in South and Southeast Asia.
  • The Indian Pipistrelle ( Pipistrellus coromandra ) is to Thailand, native to southern Asia, from Afghanistan.
  • Pipistrellus crassulus lives in middle Africa.
  • Pipistrellus endoI is endemic to the Japanese island of Honshu. The species is considered threatened.
  • Pipistrellus javanicus lives throughout the south and south-east Asia. The subspecies babu ( Himalayan region ) and peguensis (Myanmar ) are sometimes considered as separate species.
  • The white border bat ( Pipistrellus kuhlii ) is common in southern Europe, West Asia and Africa.
  • Pipistrellus macrotis lives in Southeast Asia.
  • The Madeira - bat ( Pipistrellus maderensis ) is endemic to Madeira and the Canary Islands. The species is considered endangered.
  • Pipistrellus minahassae is endemic in northern Sulawesi.
  • Pipistrellus nanulus lives in middle Africa.
  • The banana pipistrelle ( Pipistrellus nanus ) is south across sub-Saharan Africa and widespread in Madagascar.
  • The Nathusius' pipistrelle ( Pipistrellus nathusii ) is common in many parts of Europe and western Asia.
  • Pipistrellus Paterculus lives in northern India, Myanmar and Southern China.
  • Pipistrellus permixtus is only known from Tanzania.
  • The ( Actual ) Common Pipistrelle ( Pipistrellus pipistrellus ) lives in large parts of Eurasia.
  • The soprano pipistrelle ( Pipistrellus pygmaeus ), who lives in Eurasia, has been recognized only recently as a separate species.
  • Pipistrellus raceyi is endemic to Madagascar.
  • Pipistrellus rueppelli is native to Southwest Asia and much of Africa.
  • Pipistrellus rusticus is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Pipistrellus sturdeei was endemic to the Japanese Bonin Islands. The species has not been seen since 1915 and is considered extinct.
  • The White-winged bat ( Pipistrellus tenuis ) lives in the southern and southeastern Asia, New Guinea, northern Australia and the Solomon Islands. The subspecies adamsi (northern Australia), angulatus (New Guinea, Solomon Islands), collinus (New Guinea ), mimus ( South and Southeast Asia ), papuanus ( Moluccas, New Guinea ), wattsi (New Guinea ) and westralis ( northern Australia) are sometimes referred to as own species considered.

Subgenus Falsistrellus

  • Pipistrellus affinis lives in northern India, Myanmar and Southern China.
  • Pipistrellus mordax occurs only in Java.
  • Pipistrellus petersi is native to Indonesia and the Philippines.
  • Pipistrellus tasmaniensis lives in the southern and southeastern Australia. The subspecies mackenziei ( southwestern Western Australia ) is sometimes performed as a separate species.

Subgenus Perimyotis

  • The Eastern Pipistrelle ( Pipistrellus subflavus ) lives in eastern North America.
  • The Western Pipistrelle ( Pipistrellus hesperus ) lives in western North America.

Subgenus Arielulus

  • Pipistrellus circumdatus is distributed from southern China to Java.
  • Pipistrellus cuprosus is endemic to Borneo.
  • Pipistrellus societatis occurs only on the Malay Peninsula.

Subgenus Scotozous

  • Pipistrellus dormeri is widespread in India. This species is characterized by a reduced number of teeth, which is why it is sometimes raised to the status of a separate genus ( Scotozous dormeri ).
Laurasiatheria Johann Jakob Kaup Savi's pipistrelle Madeira pipistrelle
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