Pistacia

Inflorescence a male turpentine (Pistacia terebinthus )

The pistachio ( Pistacia ) are a genus of about ten to twelve species of the family Anacardiaceae ( Anacardiaceae ). They come on the northern hemisphere, both in Asia and in Europe and America. Some species are used for the production of pistachios.

Features

The pistachio species are trees and shrubs. The change-constant leaves are pinnate in general, paired or unpaired, sometimes three parts, rarely undivided. The leaves or leaves have a smooth edge. Stipules absent.

They are dioecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( dioecious ). In axillary, racemose or paniculate inflorescences many flowers are borne. The small flowers are unisexual. The male flowers contain a reduced perianth or is not, a discus, three to six, rarely seven, stamens with short filaments and large, egg-shaped anthers and reduced or no Gynözeum. The enveloped by bracts female flowers contain a two-to five-piece perianth, the short style ends in three outstretched scars, a discussion is missing or tiny, staminodes absent, the ovary is upper constant, unicompartmental with only one ovule.

It is formed a single-seeded drupe, which is red when ripe and is dotted. The seeds have no endosperm.

Dissemination

The pistachio species occur in the Mediterranean, Southwest and East Asia, the southern North America and in Guatemala.

System

The genus name Pistacia was first published in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 2, pp. 1025-1026. Type species is Pistacia vera L.. A synonym for Pistacia is Terebinthus million.

There are about ten to twelve, Pistacia species:

• Pistacia aethiopica Kokwaro: This species is in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, Uganda and is home in Yemen.
• Atlantic pistachio, oak or terebinth Atlantic ( Pistacia atlantica Desf. ): The home is the Mediterranean, Asia Minor and the Indian subcontinent.
• Pistacia chinensis Bunge: The home is China, Taiwan and the Philippines. The wood is used for furniture manufacture and the production of a yellow dye.
• Pistacia cucphuongensis Dai: It is endemic in Cuc Phuong and Ninh Binh in Vietnam.
• Pistacia eurycarpa Yold. The home ranges of Asia Minor to Afghanistan.
• Pistacia integerrima J.Stewart: The home ranges of Afghanistan and Myanmar to the Indian subcontinent.
• Pistacia khinjuk Stocks: The home ranges from Egypt to Asia Minor and Afghanistan to the Indian subcontinent.
• Mastic, wild pistachio ( Pistacia lentiscus L.): Crop for a natural resin, Mediterranean
• Pistacia malayana MRHenderson: The home is Malaysia.
• Pistacia mexicana HBK: The home is Guatemala and Mexico.
• Turpentine (Pistacia terebinthus L.)
• Pistacia texana Swingle: The home state is Texas and the northern Mexican states: Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas.
• True pistachio ( Pistacia vera L.): The classic dish plant, originally Near East and Central Asia
• Pistacia weinmannifolia J.Poisson ex Franch. The home is China and Myanmar.
• Pistacia × saportae Burnat = P. lentiscus x P. terebinthus: It is a natural hybrid which is native to the Mediterranean.

Swell

• Tianlu Min & Anders Barfod: Anacardiacdeae in the Flora of China: Volume 11, p 345: Pistacia - Online. accessed in March 2010 ( section description)