Pritchardia
Pritchardia sp.
Pritchardia is a native to the islands of the South Pacific palm genus. Your distribution area have these fan palms to the Hawaiian Islands.
- 4.1 Notes and references
Features
The representatives are moderately large, solitary, non-reinforced fan palms. They are hermaphroditic and repeatedly flowering. The stem is erect, sometimes deeply furrowed, and covered with dense leaf scars.
The chromosome number is 2n = 36, 36 ± 2
The leaves are folded induplicat and costapalmat. In young, still stemless individuals they remain after the death of the plant ( Marzeszenz ), in older plants they fall under its own weight. The leaf sheath is hairy and soon disintegrates into fibers. The petiole is long, flat on top or with a groove bottom is round or square. The stem passes into Costa ( midrib ) without transition. The Hastula the leaf surface is an edge with a central point that the bottom is missing Hastula.
The leaf blade is divided into single folded segments to form a third to a half of the radius along the adaxial folds. Along the abaxial folds they are cut only shallow. Filaments between the folds are often present. The segments are stiff and stand in a level, or they are different hanging. The surfaces are similar, or they are clearly Glauk the sub-pages. Frequently they are hairy also evident in the ribs, and small scales are common.
Inflorescences
The inflorescences are individually between sheets ( interfoliar ), or in twos or threes in a leaf axil. You are then enveloped by the common cover page. An inflorescence branches in triplicate. The peduncle is conspicuous, stiff, erect to pendulous, shorter or longer than the leaves. The cover page is Roehrig, zweikielig, close-fitting, densely hairy and sometimes breaks down into fibers. On the stem there are several bracts, these are similar to the previous sheet, tear like on along one side, are sometimes inflated. Adaxial they are bald, abaxially densely hairy, rarely glabrous later. The inflorescence axis is significantly shorter than the stem. The flower-bearing axes ( Rachillae ) are straight, curved or slightly zigzag fashion. They are often crowded and so form a head of flowers. The Rachillae are bald or slightly hairy up close, and contribute in a spiral arrangement of small bracts, each bearing a single flower.
Flowers
The flowers are hermaphrodite. You are sitting or standing at low tubercles. Brakteolen are not recognizable. The cup is Roehrig, flat dreizipfelig, rather thick and leathery. The crown standing above the chalice clear is coriaceous, Roehrig at the base, and obein in three oblong, valvate lobes divided. The tip form a cap that drops to anthesis. The six stamens are close to the tube throat that Filamentbasen are fused and form a conspicuous tube that extends beyond the calyx. Sit latrorsen anthers on the short free tips. The gynoecium consists of three wedge-shaped carpels. In the lower part they are free, in the region of the common, long stylus they are grown. The scar is small and three-lobed. The ovule consists of basal and anatrop. The pollen is ellipsoidal and has a slight to significant asymmetry, sometimes the pollen is flattened triangular. The germ is opening a distal sulcus.
Fruit and seeds
The fruits are globose to ovoid and develop from a single carpel. They carry the apical scar remains and the remains of the undeveloped carpels. The calyx is persistent. The exocarp is smooth, the mesocarp is rather thin, fleshy, and fibrous, endocarp is thin, woody and rather brittle. The seed is globular, sets of basal or subbasal, has a rounded navel ( hilum ). The endosperm is homogeneous. The seed coat is slightly thickened at the hilum, but not enough in the endosperm into it.
Dissemination
Pritchardia occurs in Fiji, Tonga, the Danger Islands and the Hawaiian islands. With the exception of five species are all endemic to Hawaii. Several species are very rare and endangered, some missing for years.
Most of the Hawaiian species growing on the windward slopes of the islands in the wet forests from sea level to 1600 m above sea level. A few representatives are found in the dry forests of the leeward sides.
System
The genus Pritchardia is placed in the subfamily Coryphoideae, Tribe Trachycarpeae within the family Arecaceae. However, within the tribe can not be assigned to subtribe. The genus is probably monophyletic. Pritchardia may be the sister group of Washingtonia.
In the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, the following types are recognized:
- Pritchardia arecina
- Pritchardia bakeri
- Pritchardia beccariana
- Pritchardia flynnii
- Pritchardia forbesiana
- Pritchardia glabrata
- Pritchardia gordonii
- Pritchardia hardyi
- Pritchardia hillebrandii
- Pritchardia kaalae
- Pritchardia kahukuensis
- Pritchardia lanigera
- Pritchardia lowreyana
- Pritchardia maideniana
- Pritchardia martii
- Pritchardia minor
- Pritchardia mitiaroana
- Pritchardia munroi
- Pritchardia napaliensis
- Pritchardia pacifica
- Pritchardia perlmanii
- Pritchardia remota
- Pritchardia schattaueri
- Pritchardia thurstonii
- Pritchardia viscosa
- Pritchardia vuylstekeana
- Pritchardia waialealeana
- Pritchardia woodii
Pritchardia was first described by Hermann Wendland, 1862, type species is Pritchardia pacifica Seem. & H. Wendl. ex H. Wendl. The genus name honors William T. Pritchard, a British consul in Fiji.
Synonyms are Eupritchardia Kuntze, and Styloma OF Cook.
Documents
- John Dransfield, Natalie W. Uhl, Conny B. Asmussen, William J. Baker, Madeline M. Harley, Carl E. Lewis: Genera palmarum. The Evolution and Classification of Palms. Second edition, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2008, ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2, pp. 283-285.