Province
Province (from the Latin provincia ) is a going back to the administrative terminology of ancient Rome designation, now referred to various administrative-territorial units, in both state as well as in the church.
Provincia in the ancient Roman Empire
The word provincia ( from pro-, for ', and the stem of vincere, win ') referred to in Latin antiquity primarily the business of a magistrate, that meets today's words of competence, competence, portfolio. In this sense, the case law in Rome is just a province such as the construction of a fleet or will trace a road.
In a narrower sense, the term in the context of the administrative organization of the Roman Empire one under Roman supremacy and administrative standing, conquered territory outside Italy.
Under Emperor Diocletian, the previously existing structure of the Roman Empire into provinces were replaced by a new two-stage division into dioceses and provinces are now also the Italian peninsula was included.
In the Byzantine Empire, the division into dioceses and provinces persisted first, before it was supplanted by the division into topics.
Term development in the Middle Ages
In Late Latin provincia also commonly referred an area or a region.
North of the Alps the word provincia is attested since the 14th century. First, the term appears in the Lower Rhine as provincie with the meaning of the Archdiocese District ', later a larger state or church administrative area or a part of the country is to the term.
Historical provinces States
In the state - political area called or designated province ( or the equivalent, which goes back to Latin Provincia form of the local language ) an administrative or self-government units or constituent states of numerous states.
In the past, the word in the following modern states has been used in such functions:
- Province in kdm Prussia, where the province was the highest administrative territorial breakdown above the government districts and the districts. The provincial governments were led by upper -President and possessed with the county councils via a first sized, later parliamentary democratic self-government; see administrative divisions of Prussia, List of provinces of Prussia
In addition, often the native names of historical administrative or self-government units from the following countries are translated as province ':
- The breakdown in the kingdom of Abyssinia 1941-1963, see Administrative divisions of Ethiopia
- Επαρχία, Eparchía in Greece until the Greek community reform of 1997, see List of former provinces of Greece
- 国kuni (German prop, country ') in Japan ( Empire, replaced from 1871 by the prefecture system, but not explicitly abolished ), see Provinces of Japan
- Province in France until 1789, see Historical Provinces of France
- سنجاق Sanjak (prop, banner ') in the Ottoman Empire
Provinces of modern states
Administrative or self-government units with the official German name, province ' there are today in the following states:
- Provincie Dutch / Walloon Province in Belgium, see Political Structure of Belgium: provinces, Flags of Belgian provinces
- Provincia in Chile, see Administrative divisions of Chile
- Province in Costa Rica, see Administrative divisions of Costa Rica
- Provincia in the Dominican Republic, see Administrative divisions of the Dominican Republic and Provinces of the Dominican Republic
- Province in Ecuador, see Administrative divisions of Ecuador
- Provinsi or Propinsi in Indonesia, see Administrative divisions of Indonesia
- Provincia in Italy, see Italian provinces
- Provincia in Cuba, provinces of Cuba, see
- Província in Mozambique, see Provinces of Mozambique
- Provincie in the Netherlands, see Provinces of the Netherlands
- Provincia in Panama, see Administrative divisions of Panama
- Province in the Philippines, see Administrative divisions of the Philippines and districts of the Philippines
- Countries in Sweden
- Provincia in Spain, see also the political structure of Spain and list of provinces of Spain
Member states with a label that is ' play as German, Province, there are today in the following states:
- Province in Argentina, see Political Structure of Argentina and List of Argentine provinces.
- English province / French province in Canada, see Provinces and Territories of Canada.
- Urdu صوبہ, DMG Suba, English province in Pakistan, see Administrative divisions of Pakistan.
- English province / Dutch Province in South Africa, see Administrative divisions of South Africa and South African provinces.
As, province ' also are usually the names of administrative or self-government units from the following countries translated:
- Chinese省, Pinyin SHENG the People's Republic of China, see Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China
- Ostān in Iran, see Administrative divisions of Iran
- จังหวัด Changwat in Thailand, see also List of provinces of Thailand
- Il (until 1960 vilayet ) in Turkey, see also List of Turkish provinces
- Wilaya in Algeria, see also Administrative divisions of Algeria
Provinces in the church
In some Christian churches province also referred to a stage of the spatial structure of the Church ( ecclesiastical province, Latin provincia ecclesiastica ) or of a religious order ( Province of the Order ). An ecclesiastical province is
- Unsuccessful in the Catholic Church of the jurisdiction of a Metropolitan Administration area;
- In various Anglican churches an administrative unit under an archbishop or bishop or a member church under a primate;
- One of the top- level structure within the former Evangelical Church of the old-Prussian Union (until 2008 to receive on behalf of the Protestant Church of the Church Province of Saxony ).
More modern meanings of the word
In colloquial language, referred province ' includes the area outside the capital or at the periphery of the country, sometimes with a derogatory connotation: Since current fashions or manners often occur first in the cities and these are in rural areas still little known, this is considered a backward, provincial ' area.
From the label Province numerous technical terms, such as parochialism or provincialism be derived.