Puccinia monoica

Puccinia monoica on Gänsekresse

Puccinia monoica is a Ständerpilzart from the order of rust fungi ( Pucciniales ). The fungus is an endoparasite of the cabbage family, and various grasses. Symptoms of infestation by the way are rust spots and pustules on the leaf surfaces of host plants. It is distributed in North America.

Features

Macroscopic characteristics

Puccinia monoica forms in the Haplontenphase at the growing tip of its host, usually goose cress, with converted yellowed leaves a "pseudo Flower" from. On the Dikaryontenwirt the fungus is visible to the naked eye to detect using only the protruding on the surface of the host spore deposits. They grow in clusters that appear as yellowish to brown spots and pustules on the leaf surfaces.

Microscopic characteristics

The mycelium of Puccinia monoica grows intercellular as with all Puccinia species and forms Saugfäden that grow in the storage tissues of the host. The systemic growth of the fungus have Aecien 17-30 × 15-24 microns wide, hyaline Aeciosporen with wrinkled surface. The cinnamon uredia the type usually grows on the upper side of the leaves of the host plant. Your golden to zimtbraunen uredospores are breitellipsoid usually, 26-30 × 22-26 microns in size and finely stachelwarzig. Most leaf upper side growing Telien the type are black brown, powdery and early open lying. The golden to pale hazel teliospores of the fungus are two-celled, usually langellipsoid and 40-51 × 19-23 microns in size. Your stem is yellowish and up to 120 microns long.

Dissemination

The known distribution area of Puccinia monoica ranges from British Columbia and Wisconsin to New Mexico.

Ecology

The host plants of Puccinia monoica are for the haploid cruciferous plants, especially geese cress ( Arabis spp.) And Boechera and various grasses for the dikaryotic. The fungus feeds on the present in storage tissues of the plant nutrients, its spores bearing later break through the leaf surface and set free spores. The type has a development cycle with Telien, uredia, spermogonia and Aecien and does a landlord change through. Puccinia, Uromyces pisi monoica is similar in Haplontenphase at the growing tip of its host, usually goose cress, a "pseudo Flower" from. These imitate yellow blooming wild flowers such as ranunculus not only in the visible light but also close in the ultraviolet range, which is visible to bees and therefore attractive. In addition, but also various fragrances from (phenols, aldehydes and esters) to be real flowers ähnlicih possible. In addition, the host generates, caused by the fungus, a sweet sticky substance from which feed the bees.

System

Puccinia monoica consists of a whole species complex. There are at least four types are distinguished: Puccinia monoica Sensu stricto, Puccinia consimilis, Puccinia thlaspeos and Puccinia holboellii that differ only in their cycle ( change of host or not) and the presence of different spore stages. After molecular biological studies but there are probably even more cryptic species.