Quercus trojana
Macedonian oak in the Botanical Garden Jevremovac
The Macedonian oak (Quercus trojana ) is a deciduous tree species in the genus of oaks (Quercus ) in the beech family ( Fagaceae ). Within the genus of oaks (Quercus ), that type together with Turkey oak, cork oak and holm oak to the subgroup of Zerr oaks ( Cerris ).
Description
The Macedonian Oak is a small semi - evergreen tree with stature heights of 10 to 20 m. The leaves are relatively stiff, shiny and hairless. They are small, 3 to 7 cm long and cut at 8 to 14 pairs of teeth. The fruit cup ( cupula ) are strikingly large with 2 to 2.5 cm in diameter. The fruits ( acorns ) are 3 to 4.5 cm long.
Dissemination
The Macedonian oak is native to southeastern Europe and Asia Minor; their territory ranges from southern Italy through the Balkans to western Turkey. In their area of distribution, the Macedonian Oak is a paläoendemisches relic. The Macedonian oak is mostly found in the submontane level above the full Mediterranean vegetation. The understory consists mainly of deciduous elements, interspersed with only a few evergreen elements ( phillyrea and Juniperus oxycedrus ). The Macedonian oak is common on stone hallways and rocky pastures Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia and Albania frequently. A growing picture of oak are Lujo Adamović: A nearly evergreen oak, the Macedonian oak (Quercus trojana ) inhabits only the higher mountains to Dubrovnik ( Ragusa) ( as Sniježnica, Rigja, Stedro, Bjelotina ) and the adjacent Herzegovina. It is strongly reminiscent of the Turkey oak, but has narrower and relatively longer, harder blades. In Montenegro, and especially in Albania and Puglia this kind of oak is more common.
Mixed forests with the Macedonian oak
A remarkable phenomenon in the forest formations of South Eastern Europe is dominated by the Macedonian oak. It refers to its plant community as Quercetum trojanae Em 58 em. Horvat 59 In addition to the Macedonian oak give other oaks (Q. pubescens, Q. cerris ), ash (Fraxinus ornus ) or the book-like tree species Oriental hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis) and European hornbeam ( Ostrya carpinifolia ) set the tone. Also maples ( Acer obtusatum ) and flour berries ( Sorbus aria and S. torminalis ) attain high continuity. The Common boxwood ( Buxus sempervirens) often grows as a tree up to 3 m Height. Physiognomically society reminds result, at times to a pseudo - maquis. In the understory there colorful diversity, especially on limestone substratum. The Company is limited to flat ground, warm and dry slopes.