Rhaphiolepis

Rhaphiolepis umbellata

Rhaphiolepis is a plant genus in the subtribes of pome fruit crops ( Pyrinae ) within the rose family ( Rosaceae ). The 9 to 15 species of the genus are widespread in eastern Asia.

  • 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

Rhaphiolepis species grow as evergreen shrubs or small trees. The alternate arranged on the branches leaves are short-stalked. The leathery leaf blades are easy. The leaf margins are smooth or serrated. The pfriemförmigen stipules fall off early.

Inflorescences and flowers

The flowers are borne in terminal, racemose or paniculate inflorescences. The hermaphroditic, flowers are radial symmetry fünfzählig. The flower cup ( hypanthium ) is bell-shaped or Roehrig. The five sepals are erect or recurved. The five short spiked petals are white or pink. There are 15 to 20 stamens present. The two under constant carpels each containing two erect ovules. The two or three pens are fused only at their base.

Fruit and seeds

As a genus within the Pyrinae the fruits look like small apples. The small, almost spherical apple fruits turn at maturity bluish to purple - black, and contain only one or two seeds. The early falling sepals leave an annular ring at the top of the fruit. The relatively large, almost spherical seeds have a thin seed coat and the embryo has two thickened, plano -convex or hemispherical seed leaves ( cotyledons ).

Systematics and distribution

The genus Rhaphiolepis in 1820 by John Lindley in Botanical Register; Consisting of colored ..., 6, pp. 468 firstdescribed written there Raphiolepis. Is the type species Rhaphiolepis indica ( L.) Lindl. ex Ker.

The genus belongs to the Rhaphiolepis UntertribusPyrinae from the tribe Pyreae in the subfamily Spiraeoideae within the family Rosaceae.

In the genus Rhaphiolepis there are 9 to 15 species that are widespread in eastern Asia. In China, seven species have been recorded, three of them only there.

Species ( selection):

  • Rhaphiolepis delacourii André ( = R. indica × R. umbellata )
  • Rhaphiolepis ferruginea FPMetcalf: Your two varieties thrive on slopes, valleys, open woods, along the road and on the banks of flowing water at altitudes between 300 and 600 meters in the Chinese provinces of Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan.
  • Rhaphiolepis indica ( L.) Lindl. ex Ker: It comes with several varieties available in China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Taiwan and Japan.
  • Rhaphiolepis integerrima Hook. & Arn. It occurs in Taiwan and the Japanese Ryukyu Islands.
  • Rhaphiolepis lanceolata Hu: It grows in open forests on slopes and in open thickets in valleys at altitudes 400-1500 m in the Chinese provinces of Guangxi, Hainan and Guangdong perhaps.
  • Rhaphiolepis liukiuensis ( Koidz. ) Nakai
  • Rhaphiolepis major Cardot: It grows in dense, shady woods and thickets on running water at altitudes between 200 and 300 meters in the Chinese provinces of Fujian, southern Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Zhejiang.
  • Rhaphiolepis salicifolia Lindl. It occurs in China and Vietnam.
  • Rhaphiolepis umbellata ( Thunb. ) Makino: She comes in the eastern Zhejiang, Taiwan and Japan naturally.
  • Rhaphiolepis wuzhishanensis W.B.Liao, R. H. Miao & Q.Fan: The species was described in 2007. This endemic species is found only on the mountain Wuzhi Shan near the city Wuzhishan in the Chinese province of Hainan. He thrives there in the forest near the summit at an altitude 1700-1800 meters. The variety Rhaphiolepis delacourii ' Enchantress '

Use

Some species are used as ornamental plants in parks and gardens in the hot temperate to subtropical zones.

Fruits of Rhaphiolepis indica have a diameter of about 8 mm and can be eaten. From the seeds of Rhaphiolepis umbellata a flour produced in large times of need.

Swell

  • Gu Cuizhi & Stephen A. Spongberg: Rhaphiolepis, pp. 141-143 - text the same online as printed work, In: Wu Zheng -yi, Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China, Volume 9 - Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae, Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and Saint Louis, 1 May 2003. ISBN 1-930723-14-8 (Section Description, distribution and systematics)
Rosales Maleae testa (botany) Cereal germ Wuzhishan City Agricultural Research Service
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