Russula nigricans
Dickblättriger Schwärz - Russula ( Russula nigricans )
The Dickblättrige Schwärz - Russula ( Russula nigricans ) is a mushroom of the family of Täublingsverwandten.
- 5.1 Infra Generic classification
- 7.1 Literature
- 7.2 Notes and references
Features
The Dickblättrige Schwärz - Täubling is a tall, handsome fungus. His hat is wide between ( 5) 7-17 ( 25) cm. When young it is pale whitish and convex but soon flattens and turns greyish to sooty brown. Later, he is almost black and depressed in the center. The hat skin bursts in old age and is often pulled off about 2/3.
The slats are very far apart. They may have a distance of 5 mm or more at the edge. Also, they are unusually thick and rigid. In the young mushroom the fins are yellowish white, aged they are then brownish black. Under pressure they splinter immediately and run brick on until they are grayish - black after some time. The blades are up to 15 mm high and strong intermingled with intermediate fins. You are emarginate or rounded grown on a stick.
That's stem is usually short (3-8 cm long) and very thick ( 1.5-3 cm wide), smooth, firm and discolored like the hat. He usually cylindrical in shape or towards the base thickened.
The meat is unusually firm, and whitish. Breaks or cuts a piece from the hat or stem from, the fungus discolored reddish within a few minutes. Later, the fungus discolored only grayish, blackish then within hours. The fungus usually mild tastes, sometimes easy schärflich. The smell is unremarkable. Young mushrooms often smell a little fruity, while older have a dull odor. The spore powder is white
Microscopic characteristics
The spores are broadly elliptical to nearly globose, 8-9 microns long and 6-7 microns wide and have a fine grid drawing. The warts are not very pronounced. They are hardly 0.5 microns high and only partially reticulated linked.
Artabgrenzung
Because of its thick, very distant lamella and the only reddening and blackening the flesh Dickblättrige Schwärz - Täubling be confused with any other Täubling.
Ecology
As a mycorrhizal fungus of Dickblättrige Schwärz - Täubling goes with very different tree species in a symbiosis. So spruce, fir, birch, beech, hornbeam and oak come as a host in question. You can find the fungus therefore between June to October in both deciduous and coniferous forests in. Also on the ground he does not claim. Although he rather prefers acidic soils, such as sand, Lehm-/Ton- and silicate soils, but also comes with limestone floors cope. He usually comes before sociable.
The Dickblättrige Schwärz - Täubling is not only Mykorrhizapartner of trees, he takes over as host for several parasitic fungi an important ecological function. His solid fruiting bodies are so stable that they can hardly be dissolved, but rather dry up and disintegrate slowly. You are here entirely black and look like charred from. On these over permanent fruiting bodies are found not infrequently small colonies of white, parasitic fungi. Mostly, these are mostly the dust ends hermaphrodite Ling ( Asterophora lycoperdoides ) or the Beschleierten hermaphrodite Ling ( Asterophora parasitica ).
Dissemination
The Dickblättrige Schwärz - Täubling is widespread throughout Europe and often. It also occurs in Central and North America (Canada, USA, Mexico, Costa Rica, ) North Africa ( Morocco) and North Asia (Japan, Korea).
In Germany the Dickblättrige Schwärztäubling is widespread and one of the most common russulas.
System
The Latin Artattribut ( epithet ) " nigricans " means blackish or darkens.
Infra Generic classification
The Dickblättrige Schwärz - Täubling belongs to the subgenus Compactae and here in the subsection Nigricantinae, are summarized in the russulas whose flesh reddens, gray or blackened with injury. He is closely related to the Dichtblättrigen Schwärz - Russula ( Russula densifolia ), the black start ends Russula ( Russula albonigra ) and the smoke - brown Schwärz Russula ( Russula adusta ).
Use
The Dickblättrige Schwärz - Täubling is a decidedly inferior Mushroom, which should be eaten only in very young state.