Sadri Maksudi Arsal
Sadri Maksudi Arsal ( Tatar language: Sadreddin Nizamettin Uli Maksudi; * 1879 in Kazan, Russia, † February 20, 1957 in Istanbul ) was a Tartar statesman, legal scholars, philosophers and scientists. He was a member of the Russian Duma as well as the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. The famous Russian author Leo N. Tolstoy called Arsal A sly Tartar child. As a close friend of Atatürk Arsal was instrumental in the forming and shaping of Turkism.
In the Russian Empire
Arsal was the son of a Hodschas a madrasa in the village Tassu in Kazan on the world. His big brother ( Ahmed ) Hadi Maksudi was a prominent supporter of Jadidism. After a traditional school and Madrasaausbildung, when he met in Bakhchisaray İsmail Gasprinsky, he attended a Russian school to become a teacher. Because of this decision, he was expelled from the Turkish community. After Arsal 1901, the school graduated, he wanted to continue his education in Istanbul. But İsmail Gasprinsky persuaded him to go to Paris to get there better and more advanced training. So Arsal enrolled for law at the Sorbonne in 1906 and returned back after graduating to Kazan.
In the same year Arsal was as a deputy of the Party Constitutional Democrats in the II and III. Duma elected. He was known for his fiery speeches and traveled as a delegate of the Duma to Britain. For an account of this journey he published under the title Angliya'ya Seyahat ( dt: Trip to England) in 1912 in Kazan. In the confusion after the October Revolution in the late 1917, Bashkortostan, home Arsals, under Zeki Togan Velidi declared autonomous. Arsal participated in the formulation of the constitution of the new state and became the President of the Parliament Millät Mäcles ( dt: People's Parliament) elected. The autonomy was soon followed by the founding of the state, but the new rulers in Russia did not allow this. Arsal was then forced to leave Russia in 1917 and first went to Finland, where he remained one year. 1919 Arsal involved in the peace talks to the Treaties of Sèvres in Paris and entered a vain for an independent state of Bashkortostan. After that, he lived for a while in Berlin and settled in August 1923, his family settled in Paris, where he taught at the Sorbonne.
In the Republic of Turkey
During his time at the Sorbonne, he works on the history of the Turks. When he gave in 1924 a series of lectures in the new Turkish Republic, his life changed radically. In 1925 he was awarded by the President of Türk Ocaklari ( dt: Turkish clubs) Hamdullah Suphi a letter with the personal invitation of Atatürk in Turkey. Arsal played a big part in the founding of the Türk Dil Kurumu ( dt: Institute for the Turkish language ). Inspired by Arsals book Türk Dili için ( dt: For the Turkish language ) was Atatürk Türk Dil Kurumu found the.
In Turkey, he changed his name from Sadrettin Nizamettinoviç Maksudov Sadri Maksudi and assumed the surname of Arsal. As a professor, he published many works in various disciplines such as law, history, philosophy, linguistics and sociology.
Arsal was as representative of the provinces Şebinkarahisar (now part of the province of Giresun ), Giresun and Ankara three times a member of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.
As a lawyer
A graduate of the Faculty of Law of Paris founded in 1925 Arsal the Law Faculty of Ankara. After he taught for many years in Ankara, he moved to Istanbul. With his books Hukukun Umumi Esasları (1937 ), Hukuk Tarihi Dersleri (1938 ), Umumi Hukuk Tarihi (1941 ), Hukuk Felsefesi Tarihi (1946 ), and Turk Tarihi ve Hukuk (1947 ) he developed the basis for further legal education. But his greatest merit for the Turkish legal system was the establishment of the Department of Türk Hukuku Tarihi ( History of Turkish legislation ).
Family
Arsal was married to Kamile Hanim. She came from the family Rameev who operated a gold mine in Orenburg. Arsal had two daughters named Adile and Naile. Arsal died in Istanbul in 1957 and was buried at the cemetery in Zincirlikuyu. His daughter Adile Ayda ended her academic career in 1932 and became the first diplomat of the Turkish Foreign Ministry and Turkologin.