Saint-Martial-de-Valette
Saint -Martial -de- Valette ( Occitan Sent Marcau de Valeta ) is a commune with 817 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2011 ) in the north of the Dordogne in the Aquitaine region. It belongs to the district Nontron and Canton Nontron. It also forms part of the Périgord -Limousin Regional Natural Park.
Etymology
The name of Saint-Martial -de- Valette is derived from the Holy Martial ( Sanctus Martialis ) and the Occitan valeta with the meaning small valley.
Geography
Saint -Martial -de- Valette is located one kilometer southwest of Nontron and 37 kilometers north of Perigueux.
Saint -Martial -de- Valette is surrounded by the following municipalities:
- Saint -Martin- le-Pin in the North
- Nontron in the Northeast
- Sceau - Saint-Angel in the southeast
- Saint-Front- sur- Nizonne in the south
- Champeaux -et -la- Chapelle- Pommier in the southwest
- Lussas -et- Nontronneau in the West
To the municipality of Saint -Martial -de- Valette include the following hamlets, farms, mills and castles:
Beauséjour, Bellevue, Bourdelières, Chabans, Chez Litte, Chez Yonnet, Fargeas, Grolhier, Hautes Roches, La Guizardie, location, Le Grand Breuil, Le Grand Malibas, Le Moulin de Foureau, Le Moulin de Rouchillou, Le Petit Breuil, Le Petit Claud, Le Petit Malibas, Le Petit Saint-Martin, Le Refuge, Le Sorbier, Les cluzeaux, Les Durand, Les Iles, Les Landes, Les Pelades, Lord, Maison Brulée, Massonneau, Montagenet, Montcheuil Château, Naudonnet, Pas de Boeuf, Puy David, Puyfaiteau, Rapevache, Ribièras and Sabouret.
The municipality of Saint -Martial -de- Valette is crossed by Bandiat in a northwesterly direction. Dexter come to him three smaller streams from the highlands of Nontrons contrary, the last ( Ruisseau de Vergnes ) forms the northwestern border of Saint -Martin- le-Pin. On the left side a small stream draining the town center; it arises from a source below Sabouret. The left side Combe Falide is a dry valley. The north western boundary of the municipality to municipality Lussas -et- Nontronneau follows a left-side of the outfall Bandiats, which was dammed to form several ponds.
The topographically lowest point of the municipality is located 135 meters above the sea at Bandiat at Montagenet in the northwest, the highest point at 266 meters at Brissoneau (municipality Sceau -Saint- Angel) in the southeast.
Geology
The northeast part of the township of Saint-Martial -de- Valette has yet share in the Variscan basement of the north-western Massif Central. From Nontron the Bandiat cuts to behind Le Petit Saint Martin plagioclase leading paragneiss, which have emerged from former greywacke. The paragneiss have reached the degree of anatexis and therefore exhibit places granitoid secretions. About the metamorphic basement transgredierten lying flat, up to 30 m thick sediments of the Lias - Hettangian ( arkoses, Dolomite and Oolithkalke ), Pliensbachian (coarse and dolomitic sandstones ) and Toarcian (gray, marly shales ). The Lias exposed in the two right side valleys before Montagenet. About the Lias follow 140 to 190 meters of calcareous Dogger - Bajocian, Bathonian, Callovian and Oxfordian - which almost the entire area south of the Bandiat claimed. The Dogger can also occur recrystallized (areas with Montagenet, Puyfaiteau and Chabans ). About the Dogger still exist scattered, thin transgressive deposits of the Upper Cretaceous ( Cenomanian to the peaks to Rapevache ). Large parts of this southern ridge of Pleistocene detritus are masked ( alluvium and colluvium fluvial origin). The places quite powerful expectant colluvial Tertiary sands (AC- Formation) have been shifted to the last ice age. The quartz-rich sands have emerged from the gneisses and granodiorites of the basement. They house the cantonal landfill.
Several smaller faults run through the municipality, mainly in the northwest -southeast and northeast -southwest direction. In them, the crystalline basement was like stairs lifted in blocks. Worth mentioning the large quarry is at Sabouret in which tilted to the south, pending cryptocrystalline Oolithkalke of Oberbajociums and Unterbathoniums. They illustrate not only the increase of the basement, but also show internal thrust faults that are due to the Pyrenäenorogenese.
History
The oldest structure in Saint -Martial -de- Valette is the Romanesque church of Saint Martial of the 12th century.
Until 1793 the town was still Valette- les -Eaux, after 1793 then Saint Martial de Valette. The current spelling was established in 1801.
Demographics
Source: INSEE
The population of Saint -Martial -de- Valette since the 1960s more or less constant. According to the number of inhabitants of the city is the third largest municipality in the canton Nontron.
Mayor
Mayor of Saint -Martial -de- Valette is since 1995 the PCF belonging to pensioners Gabriel Dumonteit.
Attractions
- The Romanesque church of Saint Martial of the 12th century, inscribed as a monument historique since 1942.
- The Montcheuil castle.
- The Puyfaiteau castle.
Economy and infrastructure
Transport links
By Saint -Martial -de- Valette D 675 runs from Nontron by Brantome and continue to Perigueux. From their branches near the village center, the D 75 towards Angoulême and the D 708 from; The latter splits before leaving the municipal area in the D 95 by Mareuil and in the D 84 by Verteillac on.
Due to the northern part of the municipality once led the now disused railway line Angoulême - Nontron.
Employment
Based on the statistical survey of 1999 43.1 % of the population were employed, 28.7 % retired, 19.4% in school education and 8.8 % unemployed. The employment among 20-59 year olds account for 86 %, which is above the national average of 82.2 %. In 2007, the workforce had grown to 44.1 % of the population, but also the number of unemployed had increased to 10.8%.
Business
In addition to numerous smaller companies ( automotive repair shops, tire dealers, petrol station, a building materials supplier, carrier, furniture manufacturer, bakeries, restaurant, etc.) are to name a metal processing plant and a cheese producer than larger companies in Saint -Martial -de- Valette.