Salonta

Salonta (Hungarian Nagyszalonta, German Großsalontha ) is a city in Bihor County in Romania.

Location

Salonta located in Kreisch area in the east of the Great Hungarian Plain, a few kilometers from the Hungarian border. The county town of Oradea is located about 40 km northeast.

History

The oldest archaeological finds of the region from the Stone and Bronze Age. In 1214 the city under the name Zolonta was first mentioned. 1587 testifies to the present Hungarian form Szalonta. Until the 16th century Salonta was a rather insignificant village that stood in the shadow of the nearby castle Kölcsér (Romanian Culişer ). 1598, however, the castle was destroyed by the Turks. 1606 were settled by the Transylvanian prince Stephen Bocskai 300 soldiers. From 1660 Salonta was a few decades under Turkish rule and was the center of a sanjak. Then the city was more than 200 years to the Habsburg Empire. End of the 19th century, industry began to settle, favored by the commissioning of the railway line from Fiume about Szeged and Békéscsaba to Oradea ( Nagyvarad ). This route ( Alfold Fiumei vasútvonal, dt: railway Plain - Fiume ) was the longest railway in what was then Hungary. After the First World War Salonta came despite significant Hungarian majority population to Romania. The Second Vienna Award, the city from 1940 to 1944 was temporarily part of Hungary again.

Population

In the 16th century Salonta had about 50 houses and 250-300 inhabitants. 1880 lived in the town of 10,403 people, of which 9,593 Hungarians, 257 Romanians, 65 German and 62 Slovaks. As of the 2002 census, 18,074 residents were registered in the city, including 10,335 Hungarians, 7,267 Romanians, 379 Roma and 29 German.

Traffic

Salonta lies on what is now the main train from Arad to Oradea; exist in both cities several times daily connections. The leading line to Hungary is still in operation; leads via the border town Kötegyán to Békéscsaba. On this route, drive three passenger trains per day. Through the city's European Route 671 passes from Oradea to Timisoara. From Salonta from a road border crossing leads to Méhkerék.

Attractions

  • Ciunt Tower
  • János Arany Museum

Personalities

  • János Arany (1817-1882), Hungarian poet
  • László Arany (1844-1898), Hungarian writer
  • Lajos Zilahy (1891-1974), Hungarian author
  • Elemer Kocsis (1910-1981), the Romanian football player
  • György Kulin (1905-1989), Hungarian astronomer

Twin Cities

  • Nagykőrös, Hungary ( 1991)
  • Túrkeve, Hungary
  • Sarkad, Hungary ( 1992)
  • Békéscsaba, Hungary ( 2002)
  • Csepel, Hungary
  • Hajdúböszörmény, Hungary
  • Derecske, Hungary ( 2008)
  • Rimavská Sobota, Slovakia
Hungarian language Elemér Kocsis Marghita
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