Sanguisorba

Salad Burnet ( Sanguisorba minor)

The plant genus burnet ( Sanguisorba ) belongs to the rose family ( Rosaceae ). The areas are located in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere in Eurasia and North America.

  • 3.1 Types (selection) and their distribution
  • 3.2 Use
  • 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Sanguisorba species grow as perennial herbaceous plants or small shrubs that reach heights of growth from 50 to 200 cm. Often a leaf rosette at the base, the stem leaves are arranged opposite one another. The unpaired pinnate leaves have seven to 25 leaflets. The leaflets have a serrated edge. The stipules are fused with petiole.

Generative features

Are terminally on prolonged Blütenstandsschäften kopfige to -eared inflorescences with hub and shroud leaves and many flowers. The small, highly reduced flowers are usually hermaphrodite or rarely unisexual. If the flowers are unisexual, then the species are monoecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( monoecious ). It is a flower cup ( hypanthium ) and a discus available. The most four, rarely up to seven kronblattartigen sepals are red, pink, purple or white, rarely greenish. Petals absent. There are usually four stamens present, rarely more. The stamens are usually free, rarely with each other partly covered. The flowers usually contain only one carpel, rarely, there are two free.

The dry achene is umgegen from hardened, thorny or winged flower cups.

The basic chromosome number is x = 7

Ecology

Sanguisorba species are food plants for the caterpillars of a few butterflies ( Lepidoptera), for example, Small cube - Skipper ( Pyrgus malvae ) and three-point Glanzeule ( Amphipyra tragopoginis ) (both species were observed on the Great burnet ).

System

The genus name Sanguisorba was first published in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 1, p 116. Synonyms for Sanguisorba L. are Poteridium Spach and Poterium L.. The genus Sanguisorba belongs to Sanguisorbinae subtribes of the tribe Sanguisorbeae in the subfamily Rosoideae within the family Rosaceae.

The botanical genus name Sanguisorba takes with respect to the hemostatic use (especially of S. officinalis): Latin sanguis blood and sorbere for suck.

Types (selection) and their distribution

There are about (15 to ) 30 species in the genus burnet ( Sanguisorba ):

  • Sanguisorba albanica András. & Jav.
  • Sanguisorba albiflora ( Makino ) Makino
  • Sanguisorba alpina Bunge: Home is Russia, Korea, Mongolia and the Chinese provinces of Gansu, northern Ningxia ( Helan Shan), Xinjiang.
  • Sanguisorba ancistroides ( Desf. ) Ces.
  • Sanguisorba annua ( Nutt. ) Nutt. ( Syn: Poterium annuum Nutt, Sanguisorba occidentalis Nutt. ).
  • Sanguisorba applanata TTYu & CLLI: It thrives in thinned forests, marshy banks of gullies and streams at altitudes between 100 and 500 meters in the Chinese provinces of Hebei, Jiangsu and Shandong.
  • Sanguisorba azovtsevii Krasnob. et Pschen. thrives on grassy slopes and mats and clearings in the Altai.
  • Canadian burnet ( Sanguisorba canadensis L.): The home is North America.
  • Sanguisorba diandra ( Hook. f ) Nordborg: The home is located at high altitudes in Xizang, Bhutan, Uttar Pradesh, Nepal and Sikkim.
  • Bergamasker burnet ( Sanguisorba dodecandra Moretti )
  • Sanguisorba filiformis ( Hook. f ) Trade Mazzett: It is native to high altitudes 1200-4500 meters in Bhutan, Sikkim and the Chinese provinces of Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan.
  • Sanguisorba formosana: It is native to Taiwan.
  • Sanguisorba hakusanensis Makino
  • Sanguisorba hybrida (L.) Nordborg ( Syn: Sanguisorba agrimonoides Ces. )
  • Canary burnet ( Sanguisorba menendezii )
  • Salad Burnet ( Sanguisorba minor Scop, Syn: .. Sanguisorba dictyocarpa ( Spach ) Franch, Sanguisorba lasiocarpa ( Boiss. & Hausskn ) Hand. - Mazz Sanguisorba magnolii ( Spach ) A.Braun & CDBouché, Sanguisorba muricata ( Spach ). . Gremli, Sanguisorba sanguisorba (L.) Britton )
  • Japanese burnet ( Sanguisorba obtusa Maxim. )
  • Great Burnet ( Sanguisorba officinalis L., Syn: Sanguisorba polygama F.Nyl, Sanguisorba carnea fish ex Link. . )
  • Sanguisorba taurica Juz.
  • Sanguisorba tenuifolia fish. ex Link: Home is Russia, Korea, Japan, Mongolia and the Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia.

Use

Many species are used by humans to a limited extent. Few species are ornamental in parks and gardens of the moderates areas. The leaves are eaten raw or cooked rare more often. The medical effects have been studied in several species.

Swell

  • Li Chaoluan, Hiroshi Ikeda & Hideaki Ohba: Sanguisorba in the Flora of China, Volume 9, page 384: Online. (Section Description and systematics)
Rosids Rosales Range (biology) Altai Mountains Agricultural Research Service
706361
de