Small Dusty Wave
Grey Dwarf tensioner ( idaea seriata )
The gray dwarf tensioner ( seriata idaea ), also gray Powdered Small clamp is a butterfly (moth ) from the family of the tensioner ( Geometridae ).
Features
The wingspan of the moth is variable, ranging 13 to 22 millimeters. The forewings of this Spannerart have a off-white ground color and are highly variable in terms of their coloring and drawing. The inner transverse line is blurry and missing on the hind wings. The middle shade is dark gray and passes through the center or saumwärts them and continues on the hind wings. The outer transverse line is characterized by vein points. The wavy line is created dark on both sides. The hem line is line-shaped and the fringe points are clearly marked blackish.
In addition to the typical off-white coloring, depending on the environmental conditions (high temperatures and drought ) during the preimaginal stages favors the formation of melanic colored copies. To contact butterfly with smoke gray over-molded wings in appearance, in which the drawing is even ( f obscura ) still recognizable and such a sharp, wide bright wavy line in front of the hem have ( f undulata ). In addition, copies will be dark gray or black darkened wings and bright fringes observed ( f cubicularia ).
The eggs are initially gray yellow and later pink with irregular spots. The surface has a network of fine polygonal dimple.
The caterpillar is relatively long and slender; it reduces its diameter toward the front end slightly. It shows strong constrictions and distinct lateral keels. It is light brown, reddish brown, light gray or dark gray colored. The drawing is variable, often with diamond spots on the back, which are intersected by a narrow, bright line of the back. The head is relatively small.
The doll is relatively slender; it measures 6.5 mm in length and 1.7 millimeters in diameter. It is gray - tan colored with dark speckles and dark mottled on the back. The cremaster is medium in size and rounded at the end. He is about as long as the basal width. The three pairs of hook-shaped bristles are uniform and about as long as the cremaster.
Geographical occurrence
The gray dwarf tensioner is widely used in Western, Central and Northern Europe. In the north of its range extends up to Denmark and southern Scandinavia. To the east you will find the way to Russia (Moscow and Veliky Novgorod ). Idaea seriata is starting from the northeast of Spain over the central and eastern Mediterranean ( including the islands except Crete) replaces up to Crimean peninsula by the subspecies idaea seriata canteneraria, while the western Mediterranean and the Balearic Islands from the sister species idaea minuscularia be colonized. Outside Europe, one finds the horror dwarf Spanner in eastern Algeria, Tunisia, Turkey, Cyprus, the Caucasus and in the northwest of the Transcaucasus. In Morocco and western Algeria, he will be replaced by the sister species idaea minuscularia.
Habitat
The type is one of Central Europe's cultural reasoning, it is outside the settlement areas rarely encountered. In southern Europe, the butterflies are everywhere, especially numerous they occur ( maquis ) in the Mediterranean thicket and bushes landscapes.
Suitable habitats are down to about 500 meters above sea level, in the southeast of France, the way rises even higher. The subspecies idaea seriata canteneraria survived until about 1,000 meters above sea level, in exceptional cases settle the butterflies also on dry, sun-exposed slopes, which may be present in the amount of up to 1,800 meters, such as in the south of the Alps, the Apennines, Sicily and Corsica.
Way of life
The gray dwarf release forms in Central Europe two generations a year, flying the moth from late May to late July and early August to mid-October. The caterpillars of the first generation can be observed in September and after hibernation in May. The second generation caterpillars evolving from July to August. Both generations overlap considerably. In the north of its range only one generation comes about flying from mid-June to mid-August. Headquartered in southern subspecies I. see canteneraria reproduced in the coastal lowlands during the entire course of years. At higher altitudes, only three generations are formed, live from early May to early July, mid-August to late September and early October to mid-November. Under optimal culture conditions for four generations per year were formed.
During the day you will find the resting moths often bright walls, the main activity time is at dusk. In the north, the moths are rarely seen on artificial light sources, or in baits as they are observed in Southern Europe often at the light. Sucking nectar moths were observed on flowers of butterfly bush ( Buddleja ) and honeysuckle ( Lonicera ). The females lay about 50 eggs on the food plants of the caterpillars.
The caterpillars feed on polyphagous, where they prefer dried up and withered leaves of herbaceous plants as well as decaying plant residues. The caterpillars were found, inter alia, to the fruit stalls of the pigeon's crop - Leimkrautes ( Silene vulgaris).
Furthermore, the larvae of wilted leaves of annuals bluegrass ( Poa annua) and the ordinary dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) were found, as well as ivy (Hedera helix), stone fruit crops ( Prunus ), apple trees (Malus ), rose family ( Rosaceae ), nettles (Urtica ), (Viburnum ), honeysuckle ( Lonicera caprifolium ), plantains ( Plantago ), clover ( Trifolium ), mosses, lichens, smartweed ( Polygonum aviculare ), Real Avens ( Geum urbanum ), sorrel ( Rumex ), cabbage (Brassica oleracea ) and on leaves of various deciduous trees ..
System
The species was described in 1802 by Franz von Paula cabinet as Phalaena seriata first time scientifically. The type locality is near Ingolstadt ( Bavaria). The species was described in the following with a number of other names that are junior synonyms therefore:
- Idaea calcearia Zeller, 1849
- Acidalia canteneraria Boisduval, 1840
- Dosithea incanaria cubicularia Peyerimhoff, 1862
- Idaea incanata australis Zeller, 1847
- Phalaena seriata cabinet, 1802
- Idaea australis Zeller, 1847
- Geometra virgularia Hübner, 1799
Currently, two subspecies are recognized: the nominotypical subspecies idaea seriata seriata ( Cabinet, 1802) and idaea seriata canteneraria ( Boisduval, 1840). The latter subspecies represents the Nominatunterart in northeastern Spain, the central and eastern Mediterranean (except Crete) to the Crimea. This form is bright white in color, and the median fillet usually missing completely. The recognized subspecies of Scoble still idaea seriata paleacata ( Guenee, 1858) of the Îles d' Hyères ( France) was reunited Axel Hausmann with the nominotypischen subspecies.
Endangering
The gray dwarf tensioner is not at risk in Germany.