Stanford J. Shaw

Stanford Jay Shaw ( born May 5, 1930 in Minnesota, † December 16, 2006 in Ankara ) was a historian who has particularly contributed significant studies on the historical Ottoman.

Life

Shaw studied history with a focus on Middle Eastern, Arabic, Turkish and Persian at Stanford University. After obtaining his Magister 1955, he went to further study purposes to Egypt, where he devoted himself to the Al -Azhar University researching the Ottoman archives. From 1956 to 1957 he studied at the University of Istanbul. His dissertation on the Ottoman rule in Egypt he made at Princeton University under the title The Financial and Administrative Organization and Development of Ottoman Egypt, 1517-1798 in 1958. He was given a professorship at Harvard University and taught there from to 1968. Thereafter, he was appointed to the University of California, Los Angeles, where he taught until his retirement in 1992. Even after that he continued to write books. He is the founder and first editor of the 33 -volume International Journal of Middle East Studies, published by the Cambridge University Press for the Middle East Studies Association.

Reviews of the "History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey"

Published with his Turkish-born wife Ezel Kural Shaw Stanford Shaw 1976-1977, the two-volume work History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Since the work Nicolae Iorgas a detailed account of Ottoman history was missing in western language. By which he was responsible main part of the work, which includes the Ottoman history to the founding of the Turkish Republic, Shaw now created the most extensive recent synthesis for Ottoman history in non- Turkish languages ​​. He followed this in his presentation to a large extent - to the end of the 18th century - the results of our recent history.

Numerous reviews of the hands of historians of Ottoman history (eg Abou- el- Haji, Davison, Hidiroglou, Imber, Kopčan, Ménage, Olson), the Turkish History ( Dodd, Karpat ), the recent Armenian history ( Hovannisian ), refugee policy during the Nazi period and the other soon came to controversial assessments of the quality of the work. Some reviewers appreciate Shaw's work as a solid or standard look-up drive ( as Barsukova, Dodd, Mejcher, Davison ). Were highlighted as positive features such as Turkey - centered perspective ( Davison ), the task untenable legends ( Griswold ), the bibliographical apparatus ( Mejcher ), the treatment of the inscription and place names ( Turgay ), the biographical compilation of the dramatis personae of the Tanzimat era (Mango ) or the good use, for example, demographic statistics (Mango ).

However, on the other hand has been a neglect of religious, ethnic and political minorities criticized (Mango ), which come from the perspective of the author, which would correspond to that of a liberal Turkish nationalists. As a negative objected were - for the first volume, in the original research results are far less incorporated - a " legitimist " position of the author, and an overemphasis on dynastic history ( Abou- el- Haji ), carefree and superficial work on sources and secondary literature ( Imber ), lack of general historical background ( Imber ), speculative, lump-sum, incorrect, inaccurate and incomprehensible representation ( Imber ), inaccurate, unclear and unjustified time fixtures and topographical confusion ( Ménage ) or lack of historical method in terminology, literary history and source study ( Ménage ).

Finally, the work neglect of the Greek documentation and scientific publications and associated partisanship against the Greeks was accused ( Hidiroglou ), and inadequate treatment of the " Armenian question " especially for the years 1895-1896 and 1915 ( Hovannisian ), to the apologetic defense the official position of genocide denial in close cooperation with Turkish ambassadors in the U.S. ( Smith, Markusen and Lifton ).

Works (selection)

  • The Financial and Administrative Organization and Development of Ottoman Egypt, 1517-1798. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N. J., 1962
  • Ottoman Egypt in the Age of the French Revolution. Harvard 1964
  • The Budget of Ottoman Egypt, 1005/06-1596/97. The Hague 1968
  • History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Vol I: Empire of the Gazis: The Rise and Decline of the Ottoman Empire, 1280-1808. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al. 1976, ISBN 0-521-21280-4, ISBN 0-521-29163-1
  • Ezel Kural Shaw &: History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Vol II: Reform, Revolution, and Republic: The Rise of Modern Turkey, 1808-1975. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al. 1977, ISBN 0-521-21449-1, ISBN 0-521-29166-6
  • The Jews of the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic. New York University Press, 1991
  • Turkey and the Holocaust: persecution Turkey 's role in rescuing Turkish and European Jewry from Nazi, 1933-1945. New York University Press, 1993
  • From Empire to Republic: The Turkish War of National Liberation 1918-1923: a documentary study. I - V vols. in 6 books, Ankara TTK, 2000, ISBN 975-16-1228-4
  • The Ottoman Empire in World I, Volume I, Ankara TTK, 2007. ISBN 975-16-1882-7
  • The Ottoman Empire in World I, Volume II, Ankara TTK, 2008. ISBN 978-975-16-1883-2
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