Stifftioideae

Stifftia chrysantha

Stifftieae the only tribe of the subfamily Stifftioideae is within the plant sunflower family ( Asteraceae). The distribution of the ten genera with 40-43 species is purely neuweltlich: Only on the South American mainland in the Andes and in the northeastern South America ( Guiana Shield ).

  • 3.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

There are woody plants: shrubs to small trees or lianas. The usually alternate and spiral, often against constantly arranged leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The simple leaf blade glabrous hairy until fluffy. The leaf margin is smooth.

Inflorescences, flowers and fruits

The bloom conditions are usually final, rarely axillary, single or to many in more or less large zymösen total inflorescences together. There are three to a few rows of bracts present, wrap the flower heads cylindrical to hemispherical. Chaff leaves are missing. Usually only one type of flowers are present in the flower heads, rarely is there both ray florets and disc florets.

In the subfamily of Stifftioideae all flowers are hermaphrodite. The five petals are fused. The corollas are tongue- shaped, two-lipped or radial symmetry. Sometimes Kronlappen are heavily curled. The colors of the petals range from white, yellow to orange and red from purple to pink - up. The five stamens are truant or spurred. The anthers have appendages. The smooth pen have two stigma lobes, which are usually smooth or rarely papillose.

The cylindrical, bare achenes have ten ribs and a pappus of many Pappusborsten, which can sometimes be almost spring-like. The pappus is usually white or straw-colored, bright colored rare: yellowish - orange or pink.

Systematics and distribution

The subfamilies Stifftioideae ( D.Don ) Panero and Wunderlichioideae Panero & VAFunk have been reorganized in 2007 by Jose L. Panero & Vicki A. Funk. The Tribe Stifftieae has already been published in 1830 by David Don, in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 16, p 291. Type genus is Stifftia JCMikan your genera were spun off from the subfamily Mutisioideae. This monophyletic groups within the family of the Asteraceae be achieved in the relationship of Mutisioideae. This purpose we used molecular genetic studies on the chloroplast DNA.

It is distributed only on the South American mainland in the Andes and in the northeastern South America ( Guiana Shield ).

The subfamily of Stifftioideae consists of only one tribe with ten genera and about 40 to 43 species:

  • Tribus Stifftieae D.Don: Achnopogon Maguire, Steyermark & Wurdack: The only two species are located on the Guiana Shield.
  • Dinoseris Griseb. Contains only one type: Dinoseris salicifolia Griseb. It occurs in Argentina and Bolivia.
  • Neblinaea promontoriorum Maguire & Wurdack: On the Guiana Shield and the adjacent Brazil.

Swell

  • The subfamily as part of the Asteraceae family in APWebsite. (Sections Description and systematics)
  • Jose L. Panero: entry in the Tree of Life Project, 2008 ( section systematics).
  • Jose L. Panero & Vicki A. Funk: The value of sampling anomalous taxa in phylogenetic studies:. Major clades of the Asteraceae revealed, in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 47, 2008, pp. 757-782. (Sections Description and systematics)
Asterids New World Pappus (flower structure) Agricultural Research Service
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