Stockacher Aach
Stockacher Aach in Stockach
The Stockacher Aach is a 25 km long right tributary of the Rhine, which flows into Lake Constance.
Geography
The creek originates northeast of Schwackendorf Reute, a borough of Mühlingen at 620 meters above sea level. In the immediate vicinity of the source area of the upper reaches of the Ablach, which flows northwards to the Danube lies. The Stockacher Aach created so immediately south of the main European watershed.
On their way to Lake Constance passed the Stockacher Aach Schwackendorf Reute, Hoppetenzell, Zizenhausen, Hindelwangen, Stockach, Nenzingen, Wahlwies and Espasingen before it opens between Bodman Ludwigshafen and in the Lake Überlingen, the north-western part of Lake Constance. Before the mouth is an island with white willow.
The minority villages Aach, watershed and bifurcation
Today's headwaters of the minority villages Aach is the original, natural headwaters of the Ablach. Since the Stockacher Aach has a favorable for the use of hydroelectric power gradient and the local sawmills needed more water, reached around the year 1699 for the first time the man in the course of a natural stream. In the field of European watershed between the basins of the Rhine and Danube, the water of the minority villages Aach was diverted in the area of today's Schwackendorf Reuter Lakeland, from under- Strand Aach / Ablach piercing mostly in the Stockacher Aach. They dug the Ablach literally off the water. This is called an artificial bifurcation.
The water of the small minority villages Aach branches at the bifurcation and flows west as Stockacher Aach into Lake Constance, from there it passes through the flowing Rhine from Lake Constance to the North Sea. North of the water as Ablach flows into the Danube and takes over this course on the Black Sea. Only at high water level water flows to the minority villages Aach Ablach.
With the emergence of Schwackendorf Reuter lakes the Ablach received, an artificial stream bed. In the nunmehrige Aach a spillway of approximately five meters in length was built, which overflows with the appropriate water level and should release water into the Ablach. The weir is down to a trickle overgrown (as of 2007 ), making even less water the Ablach is supplied. That is, the Ablach applied only at high tide and low tide times in the upper reaches largely dry out.
History
Already in the Neolithic and Bronze Age were the lower reaches and the estuary of the Stockacher Aach settlement area. Thus, it was found during archaeological excavations Stilt and wet soil settlement. Recent finds at Lake Überlingen one owes to the underwater archeology.
Even in the early Iron Age ( Hallstatt period ) to 700 BC, the lower and upper reaches of the Stockacher Aach were colonized. There are numerous burial mounds. Also by the Celts ( 4th century BC) traces.
To the origin of the caves at Heide Zizenhausen on a right side elevation of the Aach Ravine below Zizenhausen at Stockach there are different theories. The eight dug into the Molasseschicht of marl and sandstone caves could be already been around the year zero living space or place of worship. In 1816 took place the clergyman Bietingen Joseph Anton Eitenbenz, who also excavated for the first time and described the Roman Villa Rustica in Meßkirch, Roman coins. The exact location and type of coin are unknown. The fact that the Romans were present in the region prove, inter alia, the found at Orsingen and Homberg Roman ruins. Researchers suspect that led along the Stockacher Aach and the upper reaches of Ablach a Roman road from the Roman bridge at Eschenz ( Switzerland ) to the Danube ford at Laiz ( Germany ).
Grave finds from the Alemanni time (400 to 800 AD) and place names are witness to the post- Roman settlement by the Alamanni.
Numerous castles on hills left and right sides of the Stockacher Aach testify about the great colonization and economic exploitation of Aach and Aachtals. For a long time the Counts of Nellenburg held their own, with its headquarters on the Nellenburg at Stockach against their enemies and increase their seat of power on.
Traffic
Along the Stockacher Aach runs the railroad in the hegau Ablachtal train that runs from Radolfzell on Stockach, Meßkirch and Krauchenwies according to quantities and the leading of Stockach to Meßkirch federal highway 311
Environment
Fauna
The estuary of the Stockacher Aach in Lake Constance is known for its birdlife. The habitats for the birds can be divided into three zones:
- Extensive shallow water zone (28 ha)
- Lower reaches and mouth of the Stockacher Aach with riparian forest remnants
- With shrubs and small reedbeds interspersed cultural landscape
Shore and shallow water areas subject to natural fluctuations in level of Lake Constance: from October / November to April / May, there is low tide. High water levels (where the mudflats are flooded ) result from the melting snow in the Alps and heavy rainfall in the summer.
In total, over 200 bird species were detected in the estuary. Of these, 52 species breeding birds. In addition to up to 100 great crested grebe pairs breed here Little Grebe, Pochard, water rail, kingfisher, reed warbler and the oriole. When the Lake level falls below 350 cm, resting shorebirds during migration are seen. So far 29 Limikolenarten be detected. Among them were in the past very rare visitors such as Avocet, Turnstone and Red-necked Phalarope. In September and October utilize up to 750 cormorants the bankside trees as a sleeping place before moving in November to the Radolfzell Aach mouth. Over the winter can be black-necked grebe, watch Gadwall and Common Goldeneye. With a little luck you can get then grebes or velvet scoter to face who winter here regularly for several years. Other sea duck species are occasionally encountered in winter. Again and again, even rarities like common loon, Rallenreiher, Eagle or Short-eared Owl were discovered.