Sutlej

Course of the Satluj in the catchment area of the Indus

The valley of the Satluj seen in 1857 from Rampur from

Template: Infobox River / Obsolete

Satluj (also Satlej; urdu: ستلج; Tibetan: གླང་ཆེན་ཁ་འབབ, Langqên Kanbab ( Langqên Zangbo )象 泉河 | Qipuqiapu He奇普恰普 河; Hindi: सतलुज Satluj; Panjabi: ਸਤਲੁਜ Satluj; Chinese 象 泉河, Pinyin Xiangquan Hé; Sutlej english ) is 1450 km, the longest of the five rivers of the Punjab.

The river rises in Tibet near the Kailash. From here it flows through the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab, where it receives the waters of the Beas. For 105 km it forms the border between India and Pakistan. In Pakistan, he unites with the Chanab. This together it forms the Panjnad which ultimately results in the Indus.

The Satluj originally drained into the mythical and not safe to be localized Sarasvati until around 1700 BC due to tectonic activities reversed the flow direction, and so he became a tributary of the Indus. In the wake of the Sarasvati dried up, resulting in the desertification of Cholistan.

Along the largely gorge-like upper reaches of the river existed the Shang Shung culture more than two thousand years ago. The ruins of their capital Khyunglung Ngülkhar, the " Silver Palace in the Garuda Valley ", located above a basin of Satluj in Western Tibet. The Austrian Bruno Baumann was looking there the Buddhist Shangri- La and came across the cradle of Tibetan culture, on the ruins left by the kingdom of Shang Shung kings.

To the west of the Sutlej breaks near the Shipki Pass the Himalayan main ridge to through deep gorges to flow downward in the Indian Kinnaur district. This is the region of the old Hindustan Tibet Road, one above the river, landscaped caravan route from India to Tibet, which is today 'are replaced by the built since 1961, National Highway 22 rather near the river. In India, the flow to a major source of renewable is energy supply for the state of Himachal Pradesh is an example: Starting in the upper reaches of the Nathpa Chakri Project in Kinnaur, which directs the flow downward through tunnel systems, up to the reservoirs of Bilaspur in the hills of Himachal Pradesh.

See also: List of longest rivers of the earth